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Human Histology > Microscopy > Flashcards

Microscopy Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts of a Compound Microscope

A
  1. Magnifying parts
  2. Illuminating parts
  3. Mechanical parts
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2
Q

2 parts of Magnifying parts

A
  1. Ocular lens
  2. Objectives
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3
Q

4 Objectives

A
  1. Scanner
  2. Low Power Objectives (10x)
  3. High Power Objectives (40x)
  4. Oil Immersion Objectives (100x)
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4
Q

3 parts of Illuminating Parts

A
  1. Light source
  2. Condenser
  3. Iris Diaphragm
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5
Q

3 parts of Mechanical Parts

A

1.Base
2. Arm
3. Stage

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6
Q

6 types of Microscope

A
  1. Bright-field Microscope
  2. Dark-field Microscope
  3. Fluorescence Microscope
  4. Phase Contrast Microscope
  5. Uv Microscope
  6. Electron Microscope
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7
Q

It supports the entire microscope.

A

Base

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8
Q

It supports the upper part of the microscope.

A

Arm

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9
Q

It holds the specimen place and allows navigations.

A

Stage (knobs,clips)

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10
Q

It allows the elevation of stage and assists or support focusing.

A

Course & Fine Focus Adjustment

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11
Q

It controls the amount of light.

A

Condenser

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12
Q

It controls the radius of the light beam.

A

Iris Diaphragm

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13
Q

background is light; specimen is dark (stains required)

(types of microscope)

A

Bright-field Microscope

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14
Q

background is dark; specimen is bright (urine, crystals, unstained)

(types of microscope)

A

Dark-field Microscope

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15
Q

background is dark; specimen is light or glowing; stains required

(types of microscope)

A

Fluorescence Microscope

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16
Q

uses polarize light

(types of microscope)

A

Phase-contrast Microscope

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17
Q

always colorless (scanning & transmission)

(types of microscope)

A

Electron Microscope

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18
Q

An instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye.

A

Microscope

19
Q

The science of investigating small objects
using such an instrument is called microscopy.

A

Microscopy

20
Q

first compound microscope (year)

A

1590

21
Q

Light was refracted when it travels from one medium to another.

A

Huygen’s Wave Theory

22
Q

He made the first recorded microscopic observation.

A

Robert Hooke

23
Q

He observed single cell organism (microbes).

A

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

24
Q

He compound microscope.

A

Galileo Galilei - 1609

25
Q

Compound microscope made by whom.

A

John Cuff 1750

26
Q

Absorbs light at a shorter wavelength (UV Light) and emits light at a longer one (visible light).

[types of microscope]

A

Fluorescence Microscope

27
Q

Optical system to enhance the contrast of unstained bodies.

[types of microscope]

A

Dark-field microscope

27
Q

It enables visualization of internal cellular components. (organelles).

[types of microscope]

A

Phase-contrast microscope

28
Q

Produces high-contrast images of transparent specimens.

[types of microscope]

A

Phase-contrast microscope

29
Q

“micron” means

A

small

30
Q

“aim” means

A

scopose

31
Q

1590 — They developed first microscopee.

A

Hans Janssen & Zacharias Janssen

32
Q

1609 — He compound microscope

A

Galileo Galilei

33
Q

1620 — developed a simple 2-lens ocular system that was chromatically corrected.

A

Christian Huygens

34
Q

He discovered bacteria, free-living and parasitic microscopic protists, sperm cells, blood cells, microscopic nematodes etc.

A

1661 — Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

35
Q

5 techniques tissue preparation

A
  1. Fixation
  2. Dehydration and Clearing
  3. Embedding
  4. Sectioning and Mounting
  5. Staining
36
Q

The tissues are mechanically and biochemically stabilized in a fixative.

[techniques tissue preparation]

A

Fixation

37
Q

The samples are immersed in multiple baths of progressively more concentrated ethanol to dehydrate the tissue, followed by a clearing agent such as, xylene or Histoclear.

[techniques tissue preparation]

A

Dehydration and Cleaning

38
Q

During this 12 to 16 hour process, paraffin wax will replace the water: soft, moist tissues are turned into a hard paraffin block, which is then placed in a mould containing more molten wax (embedded) and allowed to cool and harden.

[techniques tissue preparation]

A

Embedding

39
Q

The tissue is then sectioned into very thin (2 -8 micrometer) sections using a microtome

[techniques tissue preparation]

A

Sectioning & Mounting

40
Q

To see the tissue under a microscope, the sections are stained with one or more pigments.

[techniques tissue preparation]

A

Staining

41
Q

2 types of Staing

A
  1. Basophilic
  2. Acidophilic
42
Q

nuclear components; hematoxylin.

[types of stain]

A

Basophilic

43
Q

cytoplasmic components; eosin

[types of stain]

A

Acidophilic

Human Histology (11 decks)

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