Bone and Cartilage

Question 1

Specialized CT consisting cells called.

Answer 1

Chondrocytes

Question 2

3 types of Cartilage

Answer 2

1. Elastic cartilage
2. Hyaline cartilage
3. Fibrous cartilage

Question 3

Cells are closer together creating less intercellular space.

[cartilage]

Answer 3

Elastic cartilage

Question 4

It is found in the external ear flaps and in parts of the larynx.

[cartilage]

Answer 4

Elastic cartilage

Question 5

Chondrocytes usually in aggregates of 4-8 cells are lodged in lacunae.

[cartilage]

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

It has fewer cells than elastic cartilage; there’s more intercellular space.

[cartilage]

Answer 6

Hyaline cartilage

Question 7

It is found in the nose, ears, trachea, parts of the larynx, and smaller respiratory tubes.

[cartilage]

Answer 7

Hyaline cartilage

Question 8

It has the fewest cells so it has the most intercellular space.

[cartilage]

Answer 8

Fibrous cartilage

Question 9

It is found in the spine and the menisci.

[cartilage]

Answer 9

Fibrous cartilage

Question 10

It consists of a mixture of white fibrous tissue and cartilaginous tissue in various proportions. It owes its inflexibility and toughness to the former of these constituents, and its elasticity to the latte.

[cartilage]

Answer 10

Fibrous cartilage

Question 11

The most highly specialized of CTs.

Answer 11

Bone tissue

Question 12

Solid & rigid because its extracellular components are calcified.

Answer 12

Bone tissue

Question 13

Composed of cells, extracellular fibers and ground substance or matrix.

Answer 13

Bone tissue

Question 14

Dominant protein component of extracellular matrix is collagen (type 2).

[types of cartilage]

Answer 14

Hyaline cartilage

Question 15

Translucent to bluish-white in life.

[types of cartilage]

Answer 15

Hyaline cartilage

Question 16

High concentration of elastin fibers in extracellular matrix.

[types of cartlage]

Answer 16

Elastic cartilage

Question 17

Ground substance - yellow in color (due to elastin content.

[types of cartilage]

Answer 17

Elastic Cartilage

Question 18

An irregular, dense, fibrous tissue with thinly dispersed, encapsulated chondrocytes.

[types of cartilage]

Answer 18

Fibrous cartilage

Question 19

A layer of chondroblasts can lay down matrix at the outer edge of a mass of growing cartilage.

Answer 19

Appositional growth

Question 20

One of the hardest substances in the body.

Answer 20

Bone

Question 21

Immature bone cells that synthesize and secrete the osteoid matrix that will calcify as the bones extracellular matrix.

[bone cell types]

Answer 21

Osteoblasts

Question 22

Composed of glycoproteins and collagen.

Answer 22

Matrix

Question 23

Are located on the surfaces of forming bone and are not yet embedded in the calcified extracellular (osteoid) matrix.

[bone cell types]

Answer 23

Osteoblasts

Question 24

Mature bone cells - osteoblasts that have become embedded in calcified bone matrix.

[bone cell types]

Answer 24

Osteocytes

Question 25

They reside in lacunae within the matrix. [bone cell types]

Answer 25

Osteocytes

Question 26

These are large multinucleate cells. [bone cell types]

Answer 26

Osteoclasts

Question 27

Important in maintaining calcium balance in the body - respond to calcitonin (secreted by parafolllicular cells of thyroid/ultimobranchial bodies -lowers Ca++concentration in blood). [bone cell types]

Answer 27

Osteoclasts

Question 28

Direct formation of bone structure with no cartilage template (e.g. flat bones of skull) [modes of bone formation]

Answer 28

Intramembranous

Question 29

Formed from cartilage template that is subsequently replaced by bone (e.g. vertebral column, long bones of limbs). [modes of bone formation]

Answer 29

Endochondral

Question 30

2 modes of Bone Formation

Answer 30

1. Intramembranous 2. Endochondral