Circulatory System Flashcards
Pumps and directs blood cells and substances carried in blood to all tissues of the body.
Circulatory system
For transport of nutrients, hormones, oxygen and other needed substances in the cell.
Transport
It also moves waste, carbon dioxide and secretory products to their disposal areas / organs.
Excretory
Aids in fighting off pathogenic microorganism by providing and/or transporting the cells and substances needed for this purpose.
Protection
[3] Types of blood vessels.
- Capillaries
- Arteries
- Veins
A series of vessels efferent from the heart that become smaller as they branch into the various organs, carry blood to the tissues.
[blood vessels]
Arteries
The smallest vessels, are the sites of O2,CO2,
nutrient, and waste product exchange between blood and tissues.
[blood vessels]
Capillaries
Result from the convergence of venules into a system of larger channels that continue enlarging as they approach the heart, toward which they carry the blood to be pumped again.
[blood vessels]
Veins
Located just beneath the endocardium of both
ventricles, are distinguished from contractile fibers by their greater diameter, abundant glycogen, and more sparse bundles of myofibrils.
Purkinje fibers
[3] Types of capillaries acc. to size
- Continuous
- Fenestrated
- Discontinuous
The most common type, have tight, occluding junctions sealing the intercellular clefts between all the endothelial cells to produce minimal fluid leakage.
[capillaries]
Continuous capillaries
Have tight junctions, but perforations (fenestrations) through the endothelial cells allow greater exchange across the endothelium.
[capillaries]
Fenestrated capillaries
Usually have a wider diameter than the other types and have discontinuities between the endothelial cells, large fenestrations through the cells, and a partial, discontinuous basement membrane.
[capillaries]
Discontinuous capillaries/Sinusoids
Specialized connective tissue consisting of cells and fluid extracellular material called plasma.
Blood
When blood leaves the circulatory system, either in a test tube or in the extracellular matrix (ECM) surrounding blood vessels, plasma proteins react with one another to produce a clot, which includes formed elements and a pale yellow liquid called?
Serum
