Micronutrients and Health issues

Question 1

What vitamins and minerals do?

Answer 1

They are part of coenzymes and cofactors that help to metabolize macronutrients and to use them

Question 2

Are micronutrients caloric?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

In what amounts we need micronutrients

Answer 3

Milligrams or micrograms

Question 4

Why do we need them?

Answer 4

Because they are not synthesized in our body in sufficient amounts

Question 5

What happens if micronutrients are withdrawn from the diet?

Answer 5

Deficiency

Question 6

Bioavailability is

Answer 6

How it is available from the food to our body, what part of nutrients are absorbed

Question 7

Minerals are organic/inorganic?

Answer 7

inorganic

Question 8

Do minerals change in our body?

Answer 8

No, we take iron, we excrete iron

Question 9

Magnesium is important to

Answer 9

Stabilize DNA

Question 10

Two classes of minerals?

Answer 10

Major and trace minerals

Question 11

What is the largest mineral present in our body by mass?

Answer 11

Calcium

Question 12

Vitamins organic/inorganic?

Answer 12

Organic

Question 13

Do vitamins give calories to our body?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

Water soluble and fat soluble vitamins

Answer 14

Water: B and C
Fat:A,D,E,K

Question 15

The difference between water and fat soluble vitamins

Answer 15

Water soluble are transported through the blood, are not stored, travel freely
Fat soluble are transported through the lymph, stored, many require transport proteins

Question 16

Is it easier to get toxicity from water or fat soluble vitamins and why?

Answer 16

Fat, because water soluble vitamins are tend to be excreted through urine, when fat soluble are more likely to be stored

Question 17

When usually people get toxic from vitamins?

Answer 17

When they consume supplements

Question 18

How frequent do you need fat and water soluble vitamins?

Answer 18

Water as not stored more frequently, compared to fat soluble ( once a week/month)

Question 19

Major minerals list

Answer 19

Ca,P,Mg,K,S,Na,Cl

Question 20

Trace minerals list

Answer 20

Fe,Zn,Cu, Mn,I,Cr,Se,F

Question 21

Major minerals are like _____ in transport/absorption, when minor minerals are like___

Answer 21

Water soluble vitamins, fat soluble vitamics

Question 22

How trace and major minerals are excreted and in what doses we need them?

Answer 22

Frequent doses( 1 to 3 days), detected by the kidney and excess is excreted

Question 23

How major minerals stored?

Answer 23

Stored in structural components
(e.g., bone) and water-filled compartments
of the body

Question 24

How trace minerals are stored?

Answer 24

Stored in various tissues,
including liver, kidneys, thyroid
gland, bone, teeth

Question 25

Does balance plate include recommendations for the minerals and vitamins?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

What is the serving size for meat?

Answer 26

75 g or a palm of the hand

Question 27

Vitamin B group names and number

Answer 27

B1-thiamin
B3-niacin 
B2-riboflavin
B5-Pantothenic acid 
B6-pyrodoxine 
B12
B9-folate

Question 28

Functions of vitamin b complex

Answer 28

B 1,2,3,5,6- mostly coenzymes for energy metabolism

B 12 and B9- blood

Question 29

Coenzymes function

Answer 29

Help the enzymes function faster, help the substrate suite the active site

Question 30

Pallegra: causes and 4 D’s

Answer 30

Not enough vitamin B3(niacin) because mostly consuming corn diet
Diarrhea,Dermatitis,Dementia,Death

Question 31

Mictonutrients function in general ( 4 points)

Answer 31

• Intermediary metabolism
• Hormonal function
• Antioxidant function
• Electrolytes