Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

First Aid 2014 > MICROBIOLOGY: VIRUSES > Flashcards

MICROBIOLOGY: VIRUSES Flashcards

1
Q

What is recombination?

A

Exchange of genes between 2x chromosomes

  • Crossover
  • Occurs at location of sequence homology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is reassortment?

A

When segmented viruses exchange segments

E.g. influenza–> causes influenza pandemics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

A

Administration of a virus that has been made less virulent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of immunity is generated against live attenuated vaccines?

A

Humoral and cell-mediated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Are boosters needed for live attenuated vaccines?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who should NOT receive a live attenuated vaccine?

A

Immunocompromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of immunity is generated against killed/inactivated vaccines?

A

Humoral ONLY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What vaccines are live/attenuated?

A 
Smallpox
Yellow fever 
Chicken pox (VZV) 
Sabin polio 
MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)
Influenza (nasal)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What vaccines are inactivated?

A

Rabies
Influenza (injected)
Salk polio
HAV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between the nasal and injected influenza vaccine?

A

Nasal= live attenuated

Injected= killed/ inactivated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between the Sabin and Salk polio vaccine?

A 
Sabin= live 
SalK= Killed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the recombinant vaccines?

A

HBV

HPV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of genome do most DNA viruses have?

A

DsDNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the only genus of DNA virus without a dsDNA genome?

A

Parvoviridae (ssDNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the morphology of most DNA viruses?

A

Linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What DNA viruses are NOT linear?

A

Papilloma
Polyoma
Hepadnaviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of genome do most RNA viruses have?

A

ssRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the exception to RNA viruses having a ssRNA genome?

A

Reoviridae that has dsRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember all of the +ssRNA viruses?

A

“I went to a retro toga party, where I drank flavored corona and ate hippy California pickles.”

Retrovirus 
Togavirus
Flavivirus 
Coronavirus 
Hepevirus 
Calicvirus 
Picornavirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where do DNA viruses replicate?

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What DNA virus does not replicate in the nucleus?

A

Poxvirus (carries its own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase)

22
Q

Where do RNA viruses replicate?

A

Cytoplasm

23
Q

What RNA viruses do NOT replicate in the cytoplasm?

A

Influenza and Retrovirus

24
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the enveloped viruses?

A

Give PAPP smears and CPR to naked Heppy

PAPP= DNA

  • Papillomavirus
  • Adenovirus
  • Parvovirus
  • Polyomavirus

CPR and Hep= RNA

  • Calcivirus
  • Picornavirus
  • Reovirus (dsRNA)
  • Hepevirus
25
Q

Where do enveloped viruses acquire their envelope?

A

Plasma membrane as they exit the cell

26
Q

What enveloped virus does NOT acquire its envelope from the plasma membrane of the cell?

A

Herpesvirus, which gets it from the NUCLEAR membrane

27
Q

What is the mnemonic to remember the DNA viruses?

A

HHAPPPPy viruses are DNA viruses

  • Hepadna
  • Herpes
  • Adeno
  • Pox
  • Parvo
  • Papilloma
  • Polyoma
28
Q

What are the general characteristics of the Herpesviruses i.e. envelope? genome? shape?

A

dsDNA
enveloped
linear

29
Q

What are the medically important Herpesviruses?

A 
HSV-1 
HSV-2 
VZV
EBV 
CMV 
HHV-6 
HHV-7 
HHV-8
30
Q

What diseases are caused by HSV-1?

A

1) Oral herpes
2) Spontaneous temporal lobe encephalitis
3) Keratoconjuncitivitis

31
Q

What infection is caused by HSV-2?

A

Genital herpes

HSV-2= 2 testicles

32
Q

What diseases are caused by VZV?

A

1) Chicken pox
2) Shingles

(Varicella Zoster Virus)

33
Q

What diseases are caused by EBV?

A

1) Mononucleosis
2) Burkitt Lymphoma
3) Hodgkin Lymphoma

34
Q

What diseases are caused by CMV?

A

1) Mononucleosis

2) Congenital retinitis (Sight-o-megalovirus)

35
Q

What is the difference between EBV and CMV mononucleosis?

A 
EBV= monospot positive 
CMV= monospot negative
36
Q

What disease is caused by HHV-6?

A

Roseola

37
Q

What disease is caused by HHV-7?

A

Less common form of Roseola

38
Q

What disease is caused by HHV-8?

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

39
Q

Generally, what disease is caused by the Hepadnavirus?

A

Viral Hepatitis

40
Q

Are the Hepadnaviruses enveloped?

A

Yes

41
Q

What is a unique feature of the Hepadnaviruses that generates a drug target?

A

Contains reverse transcriptase

42
Q

What are the general characteristics of the Papillomavirus i.e. envelope? genome? shape?

A

dsDNA
nonenveloped
circular

43
Q

What diseases are caused by the Papillomavirus?

A

HPV leading to:

1) Genital warts
2) CIN
3) Cervical cancer

44
Q

Which strains of HPV are associated with cervical cancer?

A

16 and 18

45
Q

Which strains of HPV are associated with genital warts?

A

1, 2, 6, and 11

46
Q

What are the general characteristics of the Orthomyxoviruses i.e. envelope? genome? shape?

A

-ssRNA
Enveloped
Helical

47
Q

What disease is associated with the Orthomyxoviruses?

A

Influenza

48
Q

What are the general characteristics of the Paramyxoviruses i.e. envelope? genome? shape?

A

-ssRNA
Enveloped
Helical

49
Q

What viruses fall into the Paramyxovirus family?

A

Remember PaRaMyxovirus:

  • P= parainfluenza
  • R= RSV
  • M= Measles and mumps
50
Q

What disease is caused by parainfluenza infection?

A

Croup

51
Q

What does RSV cause?

A

Bronchiolitis in babies

First Aid 2014 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions