Microbiology - diseases nervous system

Question 1

bacterial meningitis 5 common causes

Answer 1

Neisseria meningitis, Strep pnumoniae, haemophilus influenzea, listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus algactiae

Question 2

Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 2

diplococcus, gram negative, meningococci, polysaccharide capsule, fimbriae, LOS / endotoxin, lives inside phagocyte

Question 3

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 3

Gram positive, IgA protease and enzymes interfere with phagocytosis, phosphorylcholine targets endocytosis, intracellular

Question 4

listeria monocytogenes

Answer 4

gram positive coccobacillus,rarely pathogenic, synthesizes lysterosin O to break open phagosome, grows in cytosol, recruits tail to shoot into other cells. Problem for pregnant women and immunocomp.

Question 5

rabies

Answer 5

-ssRNA lyssavirus, endocytosed by muscle cells. Exteremely deadly. seizures paralysis. Test for antibodies in blood or negri bodies post mortem. Treat with antibodies and vaccine. Helical capsid, glycoproteins on envelope.

Question 6

listeria transmission

Answer 6

food

Question 7

s. algiticae transmission

Answer 7

birth

Question 8

neisseria spread by

Answer 8

close contact

Question 9

tuberculoid leprosy

Answer 9

non progressive, T cells can control

Question 10

leprotomous leprosy

Answer 10

weak tcell response, destroys tissues digits facial features

Question 11

leprosy causitive agent

Answer 11

mycobacterium lepraea, high gc gram positive mycolic acid, acid fast stain likes cooler places,, transmitted person to person contact breaks in skin.

Question 12

pityriasis versicolor

Answer 12

superficial skin mycoses, interferes with melanin production

Question 13

leishmania

Answer 13

produced by bite of sand flies. protozoan leshmania parasite. Treat with amphotericin B, flucanazole. Skin sores erupt weeks to months after birte

Question 14

viral meningtis caused by

Answer 14

enterovirus (90%)small +ssRNA non enveloped like coxsackie enter through stomach. Diagnose by meningitis but no bacteria or fungus in CSF. get through contaminated food. cytolytic.

Question 15

polio caused by

Answer 15

poliovirus is enterovirus. drinking wager or eating. Virus destroys motor neurons. Observe virus in throat or feces.

Question 16

mycoses of nervous system

Answer 16

spread from lungs to CNS. Cryptococcus neoformans. From pigeon droppings. Spherical single celled fungus with polysaccharide capsule.

Question 17

sleeping sickness caused by

Answer 17

trypanosome bruceii. changes surface glycoproteins. Very sleepy, and deadly. Tetse fly. Find trypanosomes in blood lymph or CSF.

Question 18

botulism

Answer 18

clostridium botulism, toxin produced by vegetative cells. most powerful toxin. Paralysis. Treat with botulism antitoxin. Culture or toxin detection.

Question 19

botulism toxin

Answer 19

prevents docking of ACH vessicles at neuromuscular junction. Treat with antitoxin.

Question 20

tetanus or lockjaw

Answer 20

contraction of muscles. clostridium tetanii. Death = no exhale. Toxin (tetanospasmin) carried to CNS after cleavage. Blocks release of inhibitory neurotransmitter. Requires deep cuts, (anaerobic).

Question 21

non paralytic polio

Answer 21

spams back pain. invades meninges.

Question 22

paralytic polio

Answer 22

produces paralysis. infects brain that controls skeletal muscles. Can recover.

Question 23

salk vaccine

Answer 23

inactivated polio virus. Requires booster shots.

Question 24

sabin vaccine

Answer 24

oral vaccine. Attenuated can mutate.

Question 25

cryptococcus neoformans

Answer 25

cryptococcal meningitis. lives in soil and bird feces. produces thick capsule and melanin to prevent phagocytosis. Inhalation of spores, can affect immunosupressed bu not required. Fungal antigens in CSF.

Question 26

African sleeping sickness

Answer 26

parasite infected bite forms lesion. fever headache, invaces cns causing meningoencephalitis. Extreme drowsiness, death. trypanosoma bruceii. Trypanosoma in blood lymph CSF.

Question 27

trypanosoma bruceii

Answer 27

7-10 day cycle of blood titer. Changes cell surface protein, immune system compensates, changes again. Tetse fly.

Question 28

spongiform encephalitis

Answer 28

brain has holes in it. caused by prions. scrapie or mad cow. caused by infected meat.

Question 29

VCJD

Answer 29

abnormal enzyme fold, protein prion. changes normal proteins. No treatment available.