Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology > Microbiology Chapter 18 > Flashcards

Microbiology Chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

Microbiology

A

The study of microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pandemic

A

Means Global disease outbreak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Influenza Shot

A

You need a different shot each year because the flu is always changing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Resistance and why can occur?

A

When an antibiotic does not work. It occurs because of overuse, duration and right time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pathogen

A

bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Streptococci

A

Cocci that form chains as they divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Staphylococci

A

Cocci that form irregular groups or clusters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bacterial Diseases

A

Some examples of bacterial diseases are TB, Tetanus, syphilis, phenomena and Strept Throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MRSA -Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

A

A bacteria that is resistant to some antibiotics it has evolved due to the excessive use of penicillin antibiotics over the years.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Normal Flora

A

Harmless bacteria. These bacterial are beneficial and protect the human host by preventing harmful bacteria from entering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gram Positive

A

The bacteria that are stained by the dye( appear dark purple under the microscope)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gram Negative

A

The bacteria not consistently stained eg:Mycobacterium

Tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name of organism that grows in presences of oxygen?

A

Aerodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name of organism that doesn’t grow in presence of oxygen?

A

Anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name of organism that can grow in the presence or the absence of oxygen?

A

Facultative Anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are all bacteria harmful to the body?

A

No, our body has lots of bacteria at all times. The skin, respiratory tract have a variety of harmless bacteria. (also called normal flora)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Five types of hepatitis

A

Hep A, Hep B, Hep C, Hep D, Hep E.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Three Shapes of bacteria

A

Cocci- Round
Bacillus - Rod
Spirillia- spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Five types of Microorganisms?

A

Bacteria, Virus, Algae, Fungi and Protozoa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Five types of Herpes?

A

Herpes Simplex 1-Oral and 2- Genital, Zoster, Ebstein Barr and CMU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why do infections occur?

A

Infections occur when bacteria occurring naturally in one part of the body invade another part of the body and becomes harmful.

22
Q

What type of patient may be at risk of carrying Ebola?

A

A patient that has just visited West Africa. They should wait at least 21 days before going to a dentist appointment to see if the have contracted the disease.

23
Q

How is herpes simplex 1 transmitted?

A

Direct contact with lesions. Even when the lesion aren’t active there is still the possibility of transmission through saliva or aerosol spray from dental headpiece.

24
Q

What is a capsule and why do some bacteria have them?

A

Capsule increases the bacteria’s ability to resist the defense mechanisms of the body and Some types of bacteria form a capsule or protective layer that cover the cell wall.

25
Q

Spores and their purpose?

A

Bacteria changes into a highly resistant form and represent the most resistant form of life known.

26
Q

Rickettsiae

A

Short non movable rods that normally live in the intestinal tract of insects such as Ticks, fleas, mosquitoes and lice.

27
Q

Algae

A

Range from microscopic single-cell organisms to larger multiple-cell organisms such as seaweed and kelp. Most algae doesn’t produce human disease .

28
Q

Protonza

A

A large group of single-cell organisms. Small number of Protozoa are responsible for intestinal infections in human beings; other invade the blood, lungs, liver and brain.

29
Q

Fungi

A

Fungi are plants such as mushrooms, yeasts and the moulds that lack chlorophyll

30
Q

What is Oral candidiasis?

A

Cases by the yeast Candida albicans. All forms are considered opportunistic infections found in patients who are very young very old and very ill. Lesions May look like thin cottage cheese

31
Q

Can viruses live very long outside of hosts cells?

A

No, viruses can only live and multiply inside an appropriate host cell

32
Q

What’s does virus specifically mean?

A

Viruses can exhibit specificity ( preference) for particular cell types in which to replicate

33
Q

Virus latency

A

Some viruses establish a latent (dormant) state in host cells.

34
Q

Name 5 ways viruses can be transmitted?

A

Direct contact, insects, blood transfusions, contaminated food and water and inhalation if droplets expelled by coughing or sneezing. In

35
Q

Will an antibacterial agent kill a virus?

A

Antibacterial agents cont kill viruses they have different mechanisms and machinery to survive and replicate.

36
Q

What disease develops when infected with HIV?

A

AIDS

37
Q

Why do painters die form HIV infection?

A

HIV kills patients by infecting special T cells and slowly kills them.

38
Q

How is HIV spread?

A

It is spread by sexual contact or needles shared among drug users.

39
Q

What are prions?

A

Small proteinaceous infections particles composed entirely of proteins that lack nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)

40
Q

An example of prion disease?

A

“Mad cow” disease

Alzheimer’s disease

41
Q

Who is the Father of microbiology?

A

Pasteur

42
Q

What did Pasteur do?

A

Disapproved spontaneous generation, developed pasteurization and developed the first rabies vaccine

43
Q

Koch

A

Designed Petri dishes

44
Q

Lister

A

discovered airborne germs

45
Q

Leeuwenhoek

A

Invented the first microscopes

46
Q

Aristotle

A

Believed in spontaneous generation

47
Q

Where is MRSA found and how can it be prevented?

A

Found on the surface of the skin and can go into wounds. Keep good hand hygiene and make sure all wounds are healed properly

48
Q

What types of hepatitis have vaccines?

A

Hep A and B have vaccines.

49
Q

What types of hepatitis are blood borne?

A

Hep B,C,D

50
Q

What types of hepatitis are fecal oral transmitted?

A

Hep A and E

51
Q

Why do patients die form HIV infections?

A

HIV kills patients by infecting special T cells and slowly kills them

52
Q

How is HIV spread?

A

Needle sharing and sexual transmission

Anatomy and Physiology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions