Microbiology and the Skin 2 Flashcards
Why is paravirus B19 associated with spontaneous abortion?
Causes a low red cell count
How will children infected with Paravirus B19 present?
Often looking well
With red cheeks (hence, slapped cheek disease)
Which condition does paravirus B19 cause?
Erythema infectiosum
(slapped cheek disease)
What remains present as Varicella zoster virus remains dormant?
Viral DNA and transcribed RNA
(in dorsal root ganglia)
How is the presentation of shingles different to chicken pox?
Shingles has a dermatomal presentation
If HSV1 spreads to atopic eczema which condition can it cause?
Eczema herpeticum
How is HSV treated?
Aciclovir
Which microorganism is responsible for causing chicken pox and shingles?
Varicella zoster virus
What is herpangina and which microorganisms can cause it?
A painful mouth infection causing blisters
Coxsackie A and B viruses
Echoviruses
Hand, foot and mouth disease is caused by which virus?
Enteroviruses
What is a very severe side effect of hand, foot and mouth disease?
Brain stem encephalitis
List treatment options for common warts
- Cryotherapy
- Retinoid cream
- Surgery
- Topical salicylic acid
What causes Lyme disease?
Bacterial infection
(through parasitic vector - ticks)
What are the serious late presentations of Lyme disease?
- Nerve palsies
- Arthritis
- Heart block
What is the first line therapy for syphilis?
Penicillin
Which strain of HSV will cause mouth ulcers most commonly?
HSV1
What is the pain associated with shingles that lasts after the blistering and rash disappear?
Postherpetic neuralgia
How does aciclovir function?
Stops viral RNA production
(does not destroy virus)
What is the treatment for shingles when it presents within 48 hours of symptom onset?
- Aciclovir 800mg 5x daily for 7-10 days
- Tramadol 50mg 4x daily
Which type of pain is associated with shingles?
Neuropathic
(burning and sharp)
Which condition often affects farmers or people in contact with animals such as sheep/goats and causes a large warty lesion on the skin?
Orf
Which things is erythema multiforne associated with?
- Drug reactions
- HSV
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Which microorganism causes common warts?
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
Which condition presents which a characteristic bullseye rash?
Lyme disease
Which microorganism is responsible for the Zika virus?
Aedes aegypti
What does the Zika virus cause in adults?
- Mild fever
- Macropapular rash
- Headaches
- Arthralgia
- Myalgia
- Non-purulent conjunctivitis
What does the Zika virus cause in babies born to infected mothers?
- Microcephaly
- Guillian-Barre syndrome
What are the main complications associated with chicken pox?
- Encephalitis
- Pneumonitis
- Scarring
- Secondary bacterial infection
How is the dermatological presentation of secondary syphilis infection different from chicken pox?
Palms and soles are affected
How are the mucosal membranes impacted in secondary syphilis?
Snail-trail ulcers
Describe the lesions associated with molluscum contagiosum
- Fleshy
- Firm
- Umbilicated
- 1-2mm in diameter
- Pearlescent
Which age of patient is usually associated with molluscum contagiosum?
Children
Which microorganism is responsible for primary gingivostomatitis?
HSV1
What age of patients are commonly affected by primary gingivostomatitis and how do they present?
Children (first year of life)
No symptoms other than extensive ulceration in and around mouth, not eating and drooling
Why do satellite lesions occur in patients with primary gingivostomatitis?
Drroling often occurs and the virus is present in saliva
Saliva present on other areas of skin causes satellite lesions
What is first line treatment for Lyme disease?
Doxycycline
Which microorganism is responsible for Lyme disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
Which condition characteristically presents with a single ulcer at the site of infection?
Primary syphilis
Which bacterial species causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
