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AMK 2023 > Microbiology and immunology > Flashcards

Microbiology and immunology Flashcards

1
Q

PC: A 50-year-old woman presented for evaluation of an itchy rash on the skin. Two days prior to presentation, the patient spent several hours in a hot tub that multiple family members also used on the same day. It appears the patient used the hot tub for a longer and more continuous time than her family members. No other family member developed a rash. The patient has an allergy to iodine and uses fexofenadine for seasonal allergies. She uses ibuprofen for occasional pain relief.

Physical examination revealed pruritic papules and pustules on the chest, back, and buttock.

What is the causative organsism?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (hot tub folliculitis)

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2
Q

Name 2 conditions caused by the organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

Hottub folliculitis and otitis externa

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3
Q

PC: progressive ear pain with a purulent discharge, alongside itchiness or ear fullness. diagnosis is made of otitis externa, what are the 2 most likely causative organisms

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

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4
Q

PC: high fevers, an erythematous sore throat, strawberry-like tongue and a sand-paper like rash. rash originates from the groin and spreads bilaterally up the trunk to the axilla, at 7–10 days the rash had spread to the extremities and desquamates.

What is the most likely causative organism?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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5
Q

What is the most likely causative organism for Tonsilitis?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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6
Q

what organism is part of the normal skin flora that Is associated with endocarditis and infections of indwelling foreign devices?

A

Staphylococcus epidermis

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7
Q

Amoxicillin is effective against which of the following gram positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus,

A

Streptococcus and enterococcus

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8
Q 
Amoxicillin is effective against which of the following gram negative bacteria: 
Enteric GNR (e coli), Haemophilus, Pseudomonas,
A

Haemophilus

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9
Q

which resistant organism is ceftriaxone effective against?

MSSA or MRSA

A

MSSA

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10
Q

which gram positive organism is ceftriaxone effective against?
Streptococcus or enterococcus

A

streptococcus

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11
Q

which gram negative organism is ceftriaxone effective against?
enteric GNR, Pseudomonas or respiriatory G-s

A

Enteric GNR and respiratory G-s

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12
Q

out of Ceftriazone, Azirthromycin and Amoxicillin, which is the most effective against atypical organisms

A

Azirthromycin

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13
Q

name three examples of an atypical micro-organism?

A

Chlamydiaceae, Legionella and the Mycoplasmataceae

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14
Q

is vancomycin or azithromycin a better antimicrobial choice for treating a gram positive infection

A

Vancomycin

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15
Q

17 year old with a new clamydia infection with an allergy to tetracycline antibiotics should be given what antibiotic?

A

azithromycin

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16
Q

Name 2 antibiotics that are not safe to prescribe to a pregnant women

A

Ciprofloxacin and Doxycycline

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17
Q

what are the three most causative organisms of otitis media?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilis infuenza, Moraxella catarrhalis

18
Q

what antibiotic should be prescribes to treat an infection of otitis media?

A

amoxicillin

19
Q

What is the most likely causative organism of CAP

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

20
Q

Out of the following which is not a cause of Pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Group A Streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

21
Q

At what ages do you receive the 6 in 1 vaccine

A

8wks, 12wks, 16wks

22
Q

What are the 6 vaccinations found in the ‘6 in 1’

A

diphtheria, tenus, pertusis, polio, Hep B and Hib (Haemophilus influenzae)

23
Q

name 7 vaccines not suitable for pregnant or immunocompromised

A

Rotavirus, BCG, MMR, Chicken pox, Influenza, yellow fever, Typhoid

24
Q

at what age do you receive the HPV vaccine?

A

12-13 yrs

25
Q

a 1 year and 2 month year old baby is protected against what organisms ?

A

All 6 in 1, Rotavirus, Pneumococcal, men B, Men c,

26
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with high fever, rapid onset and herpes labialis

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

27
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated in patients with COPD

A

Haemophilus influenzae

28
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with a patient following influenza infection

A

Staphylococcus aureus

29
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with often present a dry cough and atypical chest signs/x-ray findings, Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and erythema multiforme may be seen

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

30
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated with Hyponatraemia and lymphopenia common
Classically seen secondary to infected air conditioning units

A

Legionella pneumophilia

31
Q

what pneumonia causative organism is most associated Classically seen in alcoholics

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

32
Q

is Neisseria gonorrhoeae gram positive or gram negative/ rod or cocci?

A

gram negative cocci

33
Q

what antibiotics are effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

ceftriaxone and azithromycin

34
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis is what gram stain? cocci or rod

A

gram negative, rod or cocci

35
Q

treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

azithromycin (pregnant) or doxycycline (not). other erythromycin and olfoxacin

36
Q

what is the causative organism for syphilis

A

Treponema pallidum

37
Q

what gram stain is Treponema pallidum and how do you identify it?

A

Gram-negative micro-aerophilic bacterium with three flagella

38
Q

what is the treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole or tinidazole

39
Q

is Trichomonas vaginalis gram positive or negative?

A

Although fungi stain gram-positive, the Gram stain is typically negative in women with positive Candida cultures

40
Q

what is the treatment for Treponema pallidum?

A

penicillin

AMK 2023 (16 decks)

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