GI Flashcards
name the 4 most heavily associated causes of raised AST snd ALT
Chronic Alcohol consumption, Drugs, Non-alcoholic steatohepatits (NASH) and chronic viral hepatitis
what drugs can causes raised ALT and AST?
paracetamol, NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, nicotinic acid, INH, sulfonamides, erythromycin
Raised ALP is associated with what skeletal based conditions?
Rickets, Pagets and osteomalaia
liver diseases, right sided heart failure, pericarditis are associated with SAAG of more or less than 11g/L
more than 11g/L
hypoalbuminaemia, malignancy, tuberculosis and pancreatitis are associated with SAAG of more or less than 11g/L
Less than 11g/L
what are 4 risk factors for contracting Barrett oesophagus?
male, smoking, GORD, obesity
what cancer is most associated with Barrett oesophagus?
adenocarcinoma
What glycemic state is common in chronic and acute liver disease
Acute = hypoglycaemic (failure to maintain levels) Chronic = hyperglycaemic (failure to store)
how long is the half like of albumin?
2 weeks
is ALT or AST more specific for liver damage?
ALT is more specific as AST is found in other tissues and muscles
if AST and ALT values are more than 10x normal, is that indicative of primary hepatic damage or nonspecific
primary hepatic damage
elevated AST/ALP ratio is more likely to be hepatistatic damage or choleostatic damage?
Hepatistatic as ALP is raised when there is an obstruction of biliary tract and high concentration of bile. AST is more raised than ALP this indicates more of liver damage than obstruction.
lower AST/ALP ratio is more likely to be hepatistatic damage or choleostatic damage?
Choleostatic as ALP is raised when there is an obstruction of biliary tract and high concentration of bile
in alcohol related liver damage is the AST/ALP more than or less than 2
AST/ALP ratio of more than 2
