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USMLE Step1 > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

chocolate agar with factors V and X

A

haemophilis influenza

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2
Q

thayer-Martin media

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis

VPN media = vancomycin, polymyxin, nystatin,

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3
Q

Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar

A

bordetella pertussis

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4
Q

Tellurit plate

Loffler’s media

A

C. diphtheriae

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5
Q

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

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6
Q

Eaton’s agar

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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7
Q

MacConkey’s agar

A

Lactose fermenting enterics = E.coli, citrobacter, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia

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8
Q

eosin methylene blue (EMB)

A

E.coli colonies with green metallic sheen

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9
Q

charcoal yeast extract buffered with cysteine and iron

A

Legionella ( primarily intracellular)

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10
Q

Sabouraud’s agar

A

Fungi

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11
Q

Giemsa stain

A 
chlamydia
borrelia
rickettsiae
trypanosomes
plasmodium
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12
Q

PAS (periodic acid-Schiff)

A

stains glycogen - mucopolysaccharides

dx: Whipple’s disease = Tropheryma whipplei

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13
Q

india ink

A

cryptococcus neoformans

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14
Q

silver stain

A

fungi (Pneumocystis jireveci)
Legionella
H. pylori

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15
Q

congo red

A

amyloidosis

apple-green birefringence

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16
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)

A

acid fast stain - Nocardia, Mycobacterium

high lipid content in cell wall

17
Q

poor gram stainers

A 
treponema - too thin
Ricketsia = intracellular
Mycobarteria = acid fast
Mycoplasma = no cell wall
Legionella = primarily intracellular
Chlamydia = intracellular
18
Q

MacConkey’s agar components

A

bile salts & crystal violet = inhibit gram +
lactose
neutral red stain (stain + lactose fermenters PINK)

19
Q

obligate intracellular organisms

A

rickettsia
chlamydia
- can’t make own ATP

20
Q

facultative intracellular

A 
salmonella
neisseria
brucella
mycobacterium
listeria
fracisella
legionella
yersinia pestis
21
Q

encapsulated bacteria

A 
SHiNE SKiS
step pneumo
haemophilus influenza type B
neisseria meningitidis
E. coli
salmonella
Klebsiella 
group B Strep
22
Q

Quellung reaction

A

encapsullated organisms = SWELLING

23
Q

obligate aerobes

A

Nocardia
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bacillus

24
Q

obligate anaerobes

A

Clostridium
Bacteroides
Actinomyces

25
Q

catalase + organisms

A 
Pseudomonas
Listeria
Aspergillus
Candida
E.coli
Staph aureus
Serratia
26
Q

urease positive bacteria

A 
cryptococcus
H. pylori
Proteus
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
Staph epidermidis
Staph saprophyticus
CH- PUNKSS
27
Q

bacteria that produce pigments

A

Actinomyces israelii - yellow “sulfur” granules
Staph aureus- yellow pigment “golden colonies”
Pseudomonas aeruginosa = blue-green pigment
Serratia marcescens = red pigment

28
Q

bacteria with protein A

A

Staph aureus

binds Fc region Ig = prevents opsonization & phagocytosis

29
Q

IgA protease virulence factor

A 
cleaves IgA = colonize respiratory mucosa
Strep pneumoniae
H. influenza type B
Neisseria 
(SHiN)
30
Q

M protein virulence factor

A

group A steptococci

helps prevent phagocytosis

USMLE Step1 (12 decks)

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