Microbiology Flashcards
What causes Acute follicular tonsillitis and how do you treat it?
Strep. pyogenes
Penicillin (not amoxicillin)
If pen allergic then Clarithromycin
Describe strep. pyogenes?
Gram positive cocci chains
Complete beta-haemolysis
What are acute complications of a Strep sore throat?
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
sinusitis / ottis media
Scarlet fever
What are some late complications of a Strep. sore throat?
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
What happens with rheumatic fever?
3 weeks post sore throat
fever, arthritis and pancarditis
What happens with glomerulonephritis?
1-3 weeks post sore throat
haematuria, albuminuria, oedema
Whats the clinical picture of diptheria?
severe sore throat with grey/white membrane across the pharynx
Organism produces a potnt exotoxin which is cardiotoxic and neurotoxic
What organism causes diptheria?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Describe the diphtheria vaccine?
It’s made from cell-free purified toxin extracted from a strain of C. diphtheriae
What is the treatment for diphtheria?
Antitoxin and supportive
Penicillin/erythromycin
What organism causes candida/thrush?
Candida albicans
What is the clinical presentation of thrush?
White patches on red, raw mucous membranes
What is the treatment for thrush?
Nystatin suspension topically
What is acute otitis media?
URTI involving middle ear by extension of infection up the eustachian tube
What are treatments for sinusitis?
1st line - Penicillin
2nd line - doxycycline (not in children)
