ENT trauma Flashcards
What can you find on examination of a broken nose?
Bruising Swelling Tenderness Deviation Epistaxis
What is a bruise of the nasal septum called?
Septal hematoma
Whats the outside of a septal hematoma called?
Perichondrium
When would you review a nasal fracture in clinic?
5-7 days post injury
What are complications?
Epistaxis
CSF leak, meningitis
Anosmia - cribiform plate fracture
Where is the vasculature of the nose?
Under the mucosa
What is management of epistaxis?
ice, topical vasoconstrictor
(Lignocaine + adrenaline, Co-phenylcaine
Remove clot
Anterior rhinoplasty
When would you need to repair a CSF leak?
If it hasn’t resolved itself within 10 days
How do you treat a pinna haematoma?
Aspirate
Incision and drainage
Pressure dressing
How would you deal with a laceration?
Debridement
Primary/Reconstructive closure
Antibiotics
What should you ask about in the history?
Mechanism Hearing loss Facial palsy Vertigo CSF leak Associated injuries
What is a longitudinal fracture?
From lateral blows Fracture line parallels the long axis of petrous pyramid Bleeding from external canal Haemotympanum Ossicular chain disruption
What is haemotympanum?
Conductive deafness
What is Ossicular chain disruption?
Conductive deafness
What’s a transverse fracture?
Frontal blows
Fracture angles to the long axis of the petrous pyramid
Can cross the internal acoustic meatus
Sensorineural hearing loss due to damage to 8th cranial nerve
