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Medical Assistant > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

microbiology

A
  • study of living forms only visible under microscope

- can cause infections

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2
Q

cell membrane

A

-in bacterial cells the cell membrane lies within the cell wall

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3
Q

cell wall

A
  • not in human cells
  • in bacterial cells
  • gram positive or negative -> affects the medication used
  • medications dont attack the human cells bc they dont have cell walls
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4
Q

peroxisome

A

contains enzymes

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5
Q

bacteria

A
  • single celled
  • reproduces rapidly
  • can survive without other living tissue
  • coccus
  • spirillum
  • vibrio (comma shaped)
  • bacillus (rod)
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6
Q

rickettsiae

A
  • type of bacteria that live and grow only inside other living things like insects
  • acquired by insect bite
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7
Q

antibiotics

A

kill bacteria

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8
Q

viruses

A
  • causes infection and disease
  • require living tissue to survive and grow
  • parasites
  • attach to host cells
  • can lie dormant
  • mutate
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9
Q

fungi

A

grows on or in plants and animals

  • single cell fungi- yeast
  • multi cell- mold
  • most dont cause disease
  • athletes foots, vaginal infection
  • source of antibiotics
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10
Q

protozoa

A
  • single cell
  • parasite
  • can be microscopic or large enough to see with eye
  • thrive in damp environments and in bodies of water
  • replicate rapidly inside a living host
  • dysentery -> diarrhea
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11
Q

multicellular parasites

A
  • lice
  • bed bugs
  • scabies
  • pinworm
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12
Q

nonpathogenic microorganisms

A
  • bacteria in GI tract
  • assist with digestion
  • probiotics
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13
Q

adenovirus

A
  • causes pharyngitis

- spread by droplet, direct contact

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14
Q

epstein-barr

A
  • causes mononucleosis

- spread by saliva

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15
Q

hepatitis A

A
  • causes hepatitis A

- spread by fecal-oral

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16
Q

hepatitis B

A
  • causes hepatitis B

- spread bloodborne, sexual

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17
Q

hepatitis C

A
  • causes hepatitis C

- spread bloodborne

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18
Q

herpes simplex

A
  • causes cold sores, genital herpes

- spread through contact with blister fluid, sexual

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19
Q

human immunodeficiency

A
  • causes AIDS

- spread bloodborne, sexual

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20
Q

human papillomavirus

A
  • causes genital warts

- spread sexually

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21
Q

influenza

A
  • causes influenza

- spread airborne, droplet

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22
Q

measles

A
  • causes measles

- spread airborne, droplet

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23
Q

molluscipoxvirus

A
  • causes molluscum contagiosum warts

- spread through contact

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24
Q

mumps

A
  • causes mumps

- spread airborne, droplet

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25
parvovirus
- causes fifth disease | - spread by droplet, bloodborne
26
rabies
- causes rabies | - spread by vector (infected animal)
27
rhinoviruses
- causes common cold | - spreads by droplet, contact, fomites
28
rotavirus
- causes rotavirus | - spread fecal-oral
29
rubella
- causes german measles | - spread airborne, droplet
30
varicella-zoster
- causes chickenpox, shingles | - spread by airborne, droplet, contact with blister fluid
31
variola major
- causes smallpox | - spread by contact and fomites
32
ascaris lumbricoides
- causes roundworm | - contact with contaminated soil
33
cimex parasites
- bed bugs | - spread by contact with infested bedding or furniture
34
diphyllobothrium latum
- tapeworm | - spread by foodborne (raw, infected fish)
35
enterobius vemiculais
- pinworms | - spread fecal-oral
36
pediculus humanus capitis
- pediculosis (head lice) | - spread by contact with infested hair
37
phthirus pubis
- pubic lice (Crabs) | - spread by contact with infested pubic hair
38
sarcoptes scabiei
- scabies | - spread by contact
39
aspergillus fumigatus
- aspergillosis - spread airborne - fungus
40
candida albicans
- candidiasis (thrush, vaginal yeast infection) - spread by overgrowth of normal flora not usually sexual - fungus
41
cryptococcus neoformans
- cryptococcosis - spread by contact with poultry droppings - fungus
42
trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton tonsurans (dermatophytes)
- ringworm - spread by contact - fungus
43
histoplasma capsulatum
- histoplasmosis - spread airborne - fungus
44
pneumocystis jirovecii, pneumocystis carinii
- pneumocystis pneumonia | - spread by airborne
45
entamoeba histolytica
- amebiasis - spread fecal oral - protozoa
46
giardia intestinalis (giardia lamblia)
- giardiasis - spread fecal oral - protozoa
47
plasmodium parasites
- malaria - spread by vector (mosquito) - protozoa
48
toxoplasma gondii
- toxoplasmosis | - spread by foodborne, vector (animal), transplacental (pregnant patient to fetus)
49
trichinella spiralis
- trichinosis - spread by foodborne (undercooked pork) - protozoa
50
trichomonas vaginalis
- trichomoniasis - spread sexually - protozoa
51
bacillus anthracis
- causes anthrax | - spread by vector, contact with or eating undercooked meat from infected animals, spore inhalation
52
bordetella pertussis
- causes whooping cough - spread airborne - bacteria
53
borrelia burgdorferi
- causes lyme disease - spread by vector (tick) - bacteria
54
camplyobacter jejuni
- causes food poisoning - spread by contaminated food and fluids - bacteria
55
chlamydia trachomatis
- causes chlamydia - spread sexually - bacteria
56
clostridium botulinum
- causes botulism - spread foodborne - bacteria
57
clostridium difficile
- causes colitis | - spread fecal oral
58
clostridium perfringens
- causes gas gangrene - spread by contact with wounds - bacteria
59
clostridium tetani
- causes tetanus - spread by contact through a deep cut - bacteria
60
corynebacterium diphtheriae
- causes diphtheria - spread through droplet - bacteria
61
escherichia coli
- causes diarrhea - spread foodborne - bacteria
62
group B streptococcus
- causes meningitis - spread through droplet - bacteria
63
haemophilus influenzae
- causes pneumonia, epiglottitis meningitis | - spread by droplet
64
helicobacter pylori
- causes peptic ulcer disease | - spread by fecal oral, oral anal etc.
65
legionella pneumophila
- causes legionnaires disease - spread by water aerosol - bacteria
66
listeria monocytogenes
- causes meningitis - spread by droplet - bacteria
67
mycobacterium leprae
- causes leprosy - spread by airborne, droplet - bacteria
68
mycobacterium tuberculosis
- causes tuberculosis | - spread by airborne, droplet
69
mycoplasma pneumoniae
- causes pneumonia - spread by droplet - bacteria
70
neisseria gonorrheoae
- causes gonorrhea - spread sexually - bacteria
71
neisseria meningitidis
- causes meningitis | - spread through droplet
72
pseudomonas aeruginosa
- causes hot tub rash - spread by contaminated rash - bacteria
73
rickettsia prowazekii
- causes typhus | - spread by vector (tick)
74
rickettsia rickettsii
- causes rocky mountain spotted fever | - spread by vector (tick)
75
shigella sonnei
- causes shigellosis | - spread by fecal oral
76
staphylococcus aureus
- causes boils, septicemia, pneumonia | - spread by contact
77
streptococcus pneumoniae
- causes pneumonia - spread by airborne, droplet, contact - bacteria
78
streptococcus pyogenes
- causes strep throat, rheumatic fever, septicemia - spread by droplet - bacteria
79
treponema pallidum
- causes syphilis - spread sexually - bacteria
80
vibrio cholerae
- causes cholera | - spread by fecal oral, contaminated water
81
yersinia pestis
- causes plague | - spread by vector (fleas, rodents)
82
fomites
-non living objects that carry pathogens

Medical Assistant (9 decks)

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