Body Systems and Organs Flashcards
Cranial Cavity
- within the bony cranium
- houses the meninges (brain)
Spinal Cavity
- continuation of cranial cavity
- travels down the midline of the back
Thoracic Cavity
- within the chest
- houses the lungs, heart, and major vessels
Abdominal Cavity
- within the abdomen
- houses several major organs
Pelvic Cavity
- inferior the the abdominal cavity
- houses the bladder
upper right corner
right hypochondriac region
upper middle
epigastric region
left upper corner
left hypochondriac region
middle right
right lumbar region
middle
umbilical region
left middle
left lumbar region
bottom right
right iliac region
bottom middle
hypogastric region
left bottom
left iliac region
Integumentary
- skin
- hair follicles
- sebaceous (oil) glands
- fingernails and toenails
- sudoriferous (sweat) glands
- epidermis layer
- dermis layer
- subcutaneous layer
- protection, temp regulation, excretion, sensation, vit D production
axial skeleton
- 80 bones
- skull, vertebrae, ribs
- cervical, thoracic, lumbar vertebrae
- sacrum
- coccyx
appendicular skeleton
- 126 bones
- arms, legs, pelvic girdle
ligament
attaches bone to bone for joint stability
long bones
- epiphysis, diaphysis, medullary cavity
- ends have articular cartilage
short bones
- wrists and ankles
- small
- round
- carpals and tarsals
flat bones
flat or slightly curve
-skull, ribs
irregular bones
- unusual shape related to its function
- vertebrae, pelvis
sesamoid bones
- small round
- held in place by tendons
- patella
hematopoiesis
- RBC production
- red bone marrow
tendon
ends of skeletal muscle that attach to muscle to bone
lymphatic/immune system
- lymph nodes
- lymph nodules
- thymus
- spleen
- interstitial fluid
- antibodies
- immunoglobulins
- B-cells
- T-cells
- monocytes
naturally acquired active immunity
-person develops antibodies against the pathogen that caused the disease
artificially acquired active immunity
-vaccination
naturally acquired passive immunity
-short-lasting immunity passed from mother to child through placenta/breast milk
artificially acquired passive immunity
-short-lasting immunity by giving an exposed person antibodies from a person who has previously had the disease
cardiovascular system
- heart
- artery/arterioles
- vein/venule
- capillary
- endocardium- innermost
- myocardium
- pericardium
urinary system
- kidneys
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
gastrointestinal system
- mouth
- pharynx
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine- duodenum, jejunum, ileum
- large intestine- cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon
- rectum
- anus
- liver
- gall bladder
- pancreas
respiratory system
- nose
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- lungs
nervous system
- brain
- spinal cord
- peripheral nerves
- neuron
- dendrites
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- axon
- two branches -> CNS and PNS
PNS
- two branches
- somatic nervous system
- autonomic nervous system
- autonomic divides into sympathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (rest and digest)
endocrine system
- adrenal glands
- hypothalamus
- ovaries
- pancreas
- parathyroid
- pineal
- pituitary gland anterior and posterior
- testes
- thymus
- thyroid
reproductive system (male)
- testes
- scrotum
- penis
- epididymis
- vas deferens
- seminal vesicles
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral glands (cowpers)
- androgens
reproduction system (female)
- ovaries
- fallopian tubes
- uterus
- vagina
- labia majora
- labia minora
- clitoris
- perineum
- estrogen
- progesterone
- estradiol
