Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbio 101 > Microbio Week 3 > Flashcards

Microbio Week 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Extremophiles

A

Evolved to survive early earth conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ex of extremophiles

A

Hyperthermophiles
methanogens
Halophiles
Acidophiles
Sulfur reducers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Are Archaea more related to Eukaryotes or Bacteria

A

Eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A
  1. Nucleus Forms from membrane forming around genetic material
  2. Archeon engulfs ancient bacteria
  3. They merge and coevolve due to having a shared benefit
  4. Ultimately one can’t survive without the other (engulfed archeon forms mitochondria)
  5. Photosynthetic bacteria engulfed and develop into modern chloroplasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Parts of a Eukaryote

A

Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
ribosomes
mitochondria
Lysosome
Golgi body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nucleus

A

Encloses genetic Info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Protein Production and secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cell Membrane

A

PL bilayer and semi permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Waterbased gell like solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Structural Support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein Prod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Mitochondria

A

Energy Prod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Lysosome

A

Vacuole water
storage of material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Golgi Body

A

Packaging and secretion of proteins “Fed Ex”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pathway of secretion

A

Nucleus —> R ER —> Golgi —-> Vesicles —> Secrete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fungi

A

Have thick inner layer of polysaccharide fibers composed of chitin and/or cellulose

live off dead plants and animals in soil or aquatic habitats

17
Q

Algae

A

Varied contain sugars, cellulose, pectins
All algae have chroloplasts

Most are free living in fresh and marine water

18
Q

Protozoans

A

Lack a cell wall

Unicellular but can be very large with highly specialized organelles for feeding locomotion, and reproduction

19
Q

Eukaryotes have what shape of DNA

A

Linear

20
Q

Prokaryotes have what shape of DNA

A

Small circular

21
Q

Similarities v Differences Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

A

Similarities: dsDNA, genes in the genome

Differences: Prokaryotes have circular smaller DNA than Eukaryotes, Eukaryotes require histones to compact their genome

22
Q

Chromosome formation

A
  1. Nucleotide sequence encodes genes
  2. Nucleosomes assist compacting
  3. Histone proteins help DNA compact
  4. Tight Coils called chromatids. Two chromatids form a chromosome
23
Q

Ribosomal Differences

A

All ribosomes:
2 subunits large and small containing both rRNA and ribosomal proteins

small subunit monitors
large subunit catalyzes peptide bond formation

Euk: 80S
Pro: 70s

24
Q

Hyphae

A

Hairlike Structure

25
Q

parasite

A

An organism that lives in/on a host and derives things (ex nutrients) from host

26
Q

All viruses are blank. Some but not all are human blank

A

Parasitic and pathogens

27
Q

Obligate Intracelluar Parasite

A

Must invade host cell to make more plus release more viruses

28
Q

Components of non-enveloped virus

A

Nucleocapsid
Capside (proteins)
Genetic Material

29
Q

Components of non-enveloped virus

A

Nucleocapsid
Capside (proteins)
Genetic Material

30
Q

Components of enveloped virus

A

Envelope (made from host cell membrane)
Spike proteins
genome
capsid

31
Q

Viral species

A

Distinct virus types that share a collection of properties such as host range, pathogenicity and genetic makeup

32
Q

Animal Virus Multiplication

A
  1. Adsorption
  2. Penetration
  3. Release of uncoating viral genome
  4. Synthesis
  5. Assembly
  6. Release
33
Q

Latent phase/ disease

A

Usually little to no symptoms of a disease, but the person is still infected with a virus

34
Q

Vaccines

A

Artificial immunity, trains our immune system to recognize virus and prevent future infections

35
Q

Why drug development is challenging

A
  1. Simple virus structure (hard to hit chemical bullseye)
  2. Hide in host cell (Drug needs to also target host)
  3. Population size increases fast (Easy for just one to evade host immune system and/ or treatment

Microbio 101 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions