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ACTS (Reinforcement) > Microbio and Para > Flashcards

Microbio and Para Flashcards

1
Q

This ova of this parasite is already infective within hours and ready to reinfect the host. It can be transmitted via inhalation/ingestion. This parasite described is:

a. T. trichuris
b. A. lumbricoides
c. S. stercoralis
d. E. vermicularis

A

d

Highly infectious within hours

Capable of autoinfection and retroinfection

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2
Q

The female mosquito ingests ____ from the blood of the host which then further matures:

a. Gametes
b. Gametocytes
c. Schizont
d. Sporozoites

A

b

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3
Q

Viral shedding is greatest in what stage of disease?

a. Early
b. Mid
c. Late
d. Any stage

A

a

Early stage of the disease is the most infective

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4
Q

All of the following are used in BSL 2 Laboratory Except:

a. Autoclave
b. Positive pressure suit
c. BSC
d. Lab gown

A

b

The usage of positive pressure suit is only required in BSL-4 laboratories

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5
Q

Most significant factor in killing of bacteria in autoclave?

a. High pressure
b. High temperature
c. Tubidity
d. Low temperature

A

a

The presence of High pressure makes it possible for the autoclave to reach high temperature necessary to kill the microorganisms

121C with 15 psi for 15-30 mins

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6
Q

Method of staining which requires heat:

a. Auramine Rhodamine,
b Gram
c. Kinyoun
d. Ziehl Neelsen

A

d

Kinyoun - Tissues

Ziehl neelsen - Sputum

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7
Q

In PCR, the viral _____ is replicated and amplified to be detected

a. Capsid
b. Envelope
c. RNA
d. Cytoplasm

A

c

RNA is the only nucleic acid

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8
Q

All are spiral shaped bacteria except:

a. C. botulinum
b. H. pylori
c. V. cholerae
d. T. pallidum

A

a

Vibrio - Comma
H. pylori - Seagull wing

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9
Q

Positive color in indole test:

a. Yellow color
b. White Color
c. Cherry - Red Ring
d. Blue color

A

c

Indole detects Trypophanase

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10
Q

Best time to collect rectal swab for detecing E. vermicularis

a. At night
b. Morning
c. Anytime
d. midday

A

b

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11
Q

Actinomyces is a:

a. Gram positive cocci
b. Gram positive bacilli
c. Gram negative Cocci
d. Gram negative bacilli

A

b

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11
Q

What test is employed in the differentiation of the Enterobacter family?

a. IMVIC
b. Indole
c. Glucose fermentation
d. Gram stain

A

a.

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12
Q

Specimen is obtained from an intravascular catheter. Gram stain shows gram positive bacteria. Which of the following is the most probable cause:

a. E. coli
b. S. aureus
c. P. aeruginosa
d. K. pneumoniae

A

b

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13
Q

In MacConkey Agar, What is the color of Lactose fermenting colonies

a. Colorless
b. White
c. Pink
d. Red

A

c

pH indicator: Neutral Red

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14
Q

What type of media is able to differentiate two bacterial colony in the same culture

a. indicator
b. Selective
c. Enriched
d. Enrichment
.

A

a

Also known as Indicator

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15
Q

Aspergillus is transmitted via

a. Sex
b. Direct Contact
c. Ingestion
d. Air

A

d

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16
Q

Viral Storage Temp:

a. 4 C
b.- 4 C
c. 70 C
d. -70C

A

a

If specimen cannot be processed immediately after collection they should be stored at 4 C

Unless there is significant delay, should be stored at 70C

17
Q

Ova with terminal spine

a. S. mansoni
b. S. haematobium
c. S. japonicum
d. S. mekongi

A

b

18
Q

Method of reporting of parasitemia against the number of RBC quantified?

a. Percentage
b. No. of malaria per 100 RBCs
c. Average / HPF
d. Average / LPF

A

a

To quantify malaria parasites against RBCs, count the parasitized among 500-2000 RBCs on the thin smear and express the results as % parasitemia

% parasitemia = (Parasitized RBCs/ Total Rbcs) x 100

19
Q

Identify

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Ffigure%2FDrawing-of-a-miracidium-of-Prosorhynchus-crucibulum-Rudolphi-1819-Odner-1905_fig2_230714159&psig=AOvVaw0y1j16BG0unNu4WQi9Fq9l&ust=1720319156185000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBEQjRxqFwoTCKiS7bSukYcDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAJ

a. Cercariae
b. Redia
c. Miracidium
d. Metacercariae

A

c

20
Q

In taenia solium infection, human can servas:

a. DH
b. IH
c. DH and IH
d. Neither

A

c

DH: Ingestion of Cystercercus cellulosae

IH: Ingestion of Infectious egg ( Cysticercosis)

21
Q

False positive PCR maybe caused by the following except:

a. Dirty Equipment
b. Contaminated sample
c. Contaminated reagent
d. Too low levels of amplicon

A

d

Amplicon = Product of PCR

22
Q

Source of nitrogen in media:

a. meat extract
b. Yeast extract
c. Water
d. Peptone

A

d

All of the choices for serves as nitrogen source for culture media
- However majoirty of culture media predominantly utilizes peptone as a nitrogen source

23
Q

Protein coat that surround nucleic acid:

a. Capsid
b. Capsomere
c. Capsule
d. Nucleocapsid

A

A

24
Q

> 10 malaria parasite seen per thick field film is graded as:

a. 1+
b. 2+
c. 3+
d. 4+

A

d

1+ 1- 10 / thick 100 field
2+ 11- 100
3+ 1-10
4+ >10 / thick field

25
Q

All are used in floatation test, except:

a. NaNO3
b. Zinc sulfate
c. Formalin ether
d. Saturated NaCl

A

c

FECT is a sedimentation technique

26
Q

What is not a reservoir?

a. human
b. Animals
c. Vector
d. Environment

A

c

reservoir: Habitat where pathogens lives

Vector: Carrier of Pathogens

27
Q

Gametocyte of thius parasite unique that is cresent shape:

a. P. falciparum
b. P. vivax
c. P. Knowlesi
d. P. ovale

A

a

28
Q

Traditional specimen for detecting Chlamydia in males

a. Rectal swab
b. Semen
c. Urethral Swab
d. Urine

A

c

29
Q

Parasite that is causative agent of mystery disease and was first isolated in Ilocos

a.T. trichuria
b. A. lumbricoides
c. C. philippinensis
d. E. vermicularis

A

c

30
Q

Which media is able to produce sulfide

a. CHOC
b. Blood agar
c. Iron Ahar
d. Soy broth

A

c

31
Q

According to arrangement of bacteria which is current?

a. Sphere
b. Curve / Rods
c. Spirals
d. Pairs

A

d

arrangement not SHapes

32
Q

Which stain is employed for detecting Cryptosporidium

a. Gram
b. Modified Acid Fast
c. Modified Trichrome
d. Trichrome

A

b

Important permanent stain procedure for detection of coccidian oocysts (Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Cyclospora)

Uses weaker Decolorizing agent (1@ H2SO4)

33
Q

Fungal disease for both animals and Humans are referred to as:

a. Mycotoxicosis
b. Mycosis
c. Dermatomycosis
d. Fungal infection

A

b

General term for Fungal disease of humans and animals

Mycotoxicosis: disease cause by mycotoxins

34
Q

What is the best time to collect blood for isolating W. bancrofti

a. Morning
b. Midday
c. Afternoon
d. Evening

A

d

Nocturnal (10 pm - 1am)

35
Q

What is th sample used in isolating B. Cereus in cases of food poisoning

a. Blood
b. Stool
c. Food
d. Saliva

A

c

Fried rice bacillus

Suspected Food

36
Q

Standard method in detecting MRSA

a. Biochemical
b. Molecular
c. Culture
d. Immunoassay

A

b

mecA gene

PCR

37
Q

What is the Antibiotic of Choice for treating MRSA?

a. Vancomysin
b. Ampicilin
c. Penicilin

A

a

38
Q

The 0.5 McFarland Standard:

a. 1.5x10^4 CFU/mL
b. 4 x10^4 CFU/mL
c. 4 x10^8 CFU/mL
d. 1.5x10^8 CFU/mL

A

d

39
Q

Which of the following stains the cell wall?

a. Crystal Violet
b. Safranin
c. Iodine
d. Carbol Fuchsin

A

a

ACTS (Reinforcement) (13 decks)

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