Microbial evolution

Question 1

What shape are cocci and what are the 3 subdivisions

Answer 1

Spherical
Diplococci - pairs
Streptococci - chains
Staphylococci - grape-like clusters

Question 2

What shape are rods - what is another name for these

Answer 2

Oblong - bacilli

Question 3

What is the difference between spirilla and spirochetes

Answer 3

Spirilla are rigid whereas spirochetes are flexible

Question 4

How are archaea distinguished from bacteria

Answer 4

Lack peptidoglycan in cell walls

Question 5

What are the 4 acellular infectious agents

Answer 5

Viruses
Viroids
Prions
Satellites

Question 6

Are archaea or bacteria more closely related to eukaryotes

Answer 6

Archaea

Question 7

How do bacteria and archaea increase gene pool

Answer 7

HGT

Question 8

Define endosymbiosis

Answer 8

Interaction between 2 organisms in which one lives inside the other

Question 9

Endosymbiotic theory - what would the endosymbiont become if it respired aerobically or photosynthesised

Answer 9

A bacterial endosymbiont lost the ability to live independently
Mitochondria or chloroplast

Question 10

Give 1 piece of evidence that backs the endosymbiotic theory

Answer 10

The DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to that in bacteria