Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fundamentals of Microbiology > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How are fungi saprophytic

A

They feed on dead or decomposing matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do fungi perform absorptive nutrition

A

Secrete digestive enzymes to breakdown complex molecules into simple molecules they can absorb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give an example of a mutualist fungi

A

Lichen - Algal and fungal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is another word for the mycelium mass

A

Thallus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is in the cell wall of fungi

A

Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are fungi isogamous

A

No formal male and female genders - use mating types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the word describing which mating types can have sex with other mating types

A

Homothallic and Heterothallic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a spore - chromosomes?

A

A single celled biological entity that allows fungi to reproduce
Haploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 forms of asexual reproduction

A

Spore, fission, budding and fragmentation of hyphae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is formed during the first stage of sexual reproduction - cytoplasmic fusion - n?

A

Dikaryon - cell with 2 haploid nuclei - n+n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name given to step 2 - nuclear fusion - n?

A

Karyogamy - 2n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are the spores produced during the 3rd stage and how amy are there - meiosis - n?

A

Fruiting body - 4 - n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the last stage of sexual reproduction - n?

A

Germination or sporulation - n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If a spore is produced under adverse conditions - what can you say about that spore

A

It will be resistant to those particular conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spore name for each of the 5 main phyla (GBAZC)

A

Glomeromycota - blastospore
Basidiomycota - basidiospore
Ascomycota - ascospore or condiospore (asexual)
Zygomycota - zygospore
Chytrids - zoospores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 defining characteristics of glomermycota

A

Only reproduce asexually
Endomycorrhizal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

1 defining characteristic of basidiomycota

A

Spores are external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name of the fruiting body and place in which ascospores are kept in Ascomycota

A

Ascocarp - asci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is unique about the spores of zygomycota

A

They are diploid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is unique about the spores of chytrids

A

They are flagellated

21
Q

2 defining characteristics of microsporidia

A

They are intracellular parasites and unicellular

22
Q

When will Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo sexual reproduction

A

When conditions are sub-optimal

23
Q

What form is preferred by S. cerevisiae - how does it achieve this

A

Diploid
When mating types a and alpha are close enough they mate

24
Q

What does the lone spore hypothesis state and why is it necessary

A

That a spore has the ability to switch mating type
Not all 4 haploid spores in the asci will survive so having this ability maximises success to find a mate

25
Q

How are mating types attracted to one another

A

They produce pheromones called factors which are picked up by receptors on each mating types surface

26
Q

What is the structure called that is made before complete fusion

A

Schmoo

27
Q

Once the mating types have fused completely how is the diploid daughter cell formed

A

Budding

28
Q

What happens when unfavourable conditions are present for S. cerevisiae

A

The diploid alpha and a cells undergo meiosis forming 4 stress-tolerant haploid ascospores in an ascus

29
Q

When are ascospores released and what do they do

A

When conditions are favourable - germinate and reproduce asexually

30
Q

What are the mating types called in ascomycota - when they fuse what do they form? - n?

A

Antheridium and ascogonium - n+n

31
Q

What is formed from the continuous growth of the dikaryon in ascomycota - n?

A

Ascocarp - n+n

32
Q

What forms at the tips of the hyphae in the ascocarp

A

Asci

33
Q

What occurs in the asci (3) - n?

A

Karyogamy - 2n
Meiosis - n
Mitosis - n

34
Q

Fungi Filter Hypothesis

A

Success of endothermic animals is a direct consequence of their ability to withstand fungal infections

35
Q

Name given to fungal pathogens in the human microbiome or in specific environmental niches

A

Commensals and environmentals

36
Q

What is dimorphism in fungi

A

Fungus can exist in either yeast or filamentous form

37
Q

Where does superficial, cutaneous and sub-cutaneous mycoses occur

A

s - epidermis
c - epidermis and dermis
sc - deepest layer of the skin

38
Q

Where is the infection in systematic fungi

A

Visceral tissue

39
Q

What is an opportunistic fungi

A

One that is harmless normally but becomes infectious when the host is compromised

40
Q

What do biofilms promote and provide

A

Y-M transitions
protective layer for anti-fungal resistance

41
Q

What is the problem with Candidia in hospitals

A

Form a biofilm on catheters allowing transmission of fungal disease through catheters

42
Q

What anti-fungals stop fungi from dividing and which ones kill fungi

A

Fungistatic and fungicidal

43
Q

3 forms of antifungal treatment

A
  • Target lipid in fungal membrane - ergosterol
  • Target sugar in fungal membrane
  • Target non-yeast specific cells
44
Q

What does Claviceps purpurea cause - what type of fungus is it if it feeds off of a living organism

A

Ergot in Rye - biotrophic fungus

45
Q

What functions like a peroxisome in microsporidia

A

Posterior vacuole

46
Q

What are the polar filament and the anchoring disk necessary for

A

Host invasion

47
Q

Microsporidia - When the spore is ingested by the host and the spore germinates, what does it release into the host cell and what structure aids this

A

Sporoplasm
Polar filament

48
Q

What do the sporoplasm become in the host cell

A

Meronts

49
Q

Meronts undergo cell division and form sporoblasts - what is the cell division called

A

Sporogony

Fundamentals of Microbiology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions