Micro CH 7

Question 1

Enzymes and characteristics

Answer 1

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions, lowering the activation energy required

• Specific to substrates
  -Can be consumed by reactions
  -May be reused multiple times
  -May require cofactors or coenzymes to function properly

Question 2

Aerobic VS Anaerobic

Answer 2

Aerobic
-Requires oxygen
-Produces more ATP
-Takes place in the mitochondria
-Wate products: water and carbon dioxide

Anaerobic
-No oxygen required
-Take place in the cytoplasm
-Produces less ATP
-Waste Products: Lactic acid (animals) or water and carbon dioxide (yeast)
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Question 3

Anabolism VS Catabolism

Answer 3

Anabolism- Requires energy, builds complex molecules from simpler ones
Catabolism- Releases energy, breaks down complex molecules into smaller ones

Question 4

Negative Feedback

Answer 4

When a variable is added to something that needs to be regulated.

Body temperature is too hot, so sweat is produced to cool us down.

Question 5

Endergonic vs Exergonic

Answer 5

Exergonic-Releases energy
Spontaneus reactions
Endergonic- Required energy input
Non spontaneus reactions

Question 6

Glycosis

Answer 6

Location: Cytoplasm

Inputs- 1Glucose, 2NAD, 2ATP
Outputs- 2Pyruvate, 2NADH, 4ATP

It is the first step in aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and no oxygen is required.

Question 7

Krebs Cycle

Answer 7

Location: Mitochondria

Inputs- 1Acetyl-CoA, 1NAD, 1FAD, 1ADP
Outputs- 2 CO2, 3NADH, 1FADH, 1ATP

It is used in the electron transport chain, and it generates high-energy electron carriers

Question 8

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 8

Location: Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

Inputs- FADH, NADH, and Oxygen
Outputs- ATP and Water

The final step in aerobic respiration produces more ATP.

Question 9

Fermentation

Answer 9

Location: Cytoplasm

Inputs- Glucose
Outputs- Lactic acid and ATP in animals or CO2 and ethanol in yeast

Occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces much less ATP than aerobic respiration.