Final Flashcards
Epicranius (Frontal Belly)
Action: Raises the Eyebrows
Origin: Epicranial
Aponeurosis
Insertion: Skin of eyebrows
and nose
Epicranius (Occipital Belly)
Action: Fixes
aponeurosis and
pulls scalp
posteriorly
Origin: Occipital and
temporal bones
Insertion: Epicranial
aponeurosis
Orbicularis oculi
Action: Closes eye
Origin: Frontal and
maxillary bones
Insertion: Eyelid
Zygomaticus
Action: Raises lateral
corners of the
mouth
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Skin and muscle
at the corner of the mouth
Mentalis
Action: Wrinkles Chin
Origin: Mandible
Insertion: Skin of chin
Buccinator
Action: Compresses
cheek
Origin: Maxilla and
mandible
Insertion: Orbicularis oris
Platysma
Action: Tenses skin of
neck
Origin: Fascia of the chest
Insertion: Mandible and skin
at the corner of the mouth
Masseter
Action: Closes Jaw
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Angle, ramus of
mandible
Temporalis
Action: Closes Jaw
Origin: Temporal fossa
Insertion: Coronoid process
Buccinator
Action: Compresses
cheek
Origin: Maxilla, mandible
Insertion: Orbicularis oris
Sternocleidomastoid
Action: Flexes, laterally
rotates head
Origin: Manubrium,
medial clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process
of temporal bone
and superior
nuchal line of
occipital bone
Scalenes (Anterior,
middle, posterior)
Action: Elevate ribs 1
and 2
Origin: Cervical
vertebrae
Insertion: First two ribs
Erector Spinae (Iliocostalis)
Action: Extends and
laterally flexes
vertebral
column,
extends head
and rotates
toward same
side
Origin: Illiac crests, ribs
Insertion: Angles of ribs,
cervical
vertebrae
Erector Spinae (Longissimus)
Action: Extends and
laterally flexes
vertebral
column,
extends head
and rotates
toward same
side
Origin: Vertebral column
Insertion: Cervical and
thoracic
vertebrae, ribs
Erector Spinae (Spinalis)
Action: Extends and
laterally flexes
vertebral
column,
extends head
and rotates
toward same
side
Origin: Thoracic and
lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Thoracic and
cervical vertebrae
External Intercostals
Action: Elevates ribs
Origin: Inferior border of
upper rib
Insertion: Superior border of
rib below
Internal Intercostals
Action: Compresses and
depresses
ribcage
Origin: Superior border
of rib below
Insertion: Inferior border of
upper rib
Diaphragm
Action: Flattens during
inspiration
Origin: Internal surface
of ribcage and
sternum, lower
costal cartilages,
lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Central tendon
Rectus abdominis
Action: Flexes and
rotates vertebral column
Origin: Pubic crest and
symphysis
Insertion: Xiphoid process,
lower costal
External oblique
Action: Flexes vertebral
column rotates
and flexes
vertebral column
laterally,
compresses
abdomen
Origin: Lower ribs
Insertion: Lines alba, pubic
crest, tubercle,
iliac crest
Internal oblique
Action: Flexes vertebral
column rotates
and flexes
vertebral column
laterally,
compresses
abdomen
Origin: Lumbar fascia,
iliac crest
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic
crest, costal
margin and lower
ribs
Transversus
abdominis
Action: Compresses
abdomen
Origin: Lumbar fascia,
iliac crest, lower
costal cartilages
Insertion: Linea alba, pubic
crest
Pectoralis minor
Action: Fixes ribs,
protracts and
depresses
scapula
Origin: Ribs 3 - 5
Insertion: Coracoid process
Serratus anterior
Action: Rotates scapula
Origin: Ribs 1 – 8
Insertion: Vertebral border
of scapula
Subclavius
Action: Fixes, depresses
pectoral girdle
Origin: Costal cartilage
of rib 1
Insertion: Clavicle
Trapezius
Action: Fixes, elevates,
retracts, and
rotates scapula
Origin: Occipital condyle,
vertebral column
Insertion: Acromion, spine
of scapula, lateral
a third of the clavicle
Levator scapulae
Action: Elevates, adducts
scapula
Origin: Vertebral
transverse
processes
Insertion: Medial border of
scapula
Rhomboids
(major, minor)
Action: Fixes scapula
Origin: Vertebral spinous
processes
Insertion: Medial border of
scapula
Pectoralis major
Action: Flexes, adducts,
medially rotates arm
Origin: Clavicle,
sternum, costal
cartilages
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Deltoid
Action: Abducts arm
Origin: Acromion, spine
of scapula,
lateral third of
clavicle
Insertion: Deltoid
tuberosity
Latissimus dorsi
Action: Extends, adducts,
medially rotates arm
Origin: Vertebrae, ribs,
iliac crest,
inferior angle of
scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Subscapularis
Action: Medially rotates arm
Origin: Subscapular
fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Supraspinatus
Action: Abducts arm
Origin: Supraspinous
fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Infraspinatus
Action: Laterally rotates
arm
Origin: Infraspinatus
fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Teres minor
Action: Laterally rotates
arm
Origin: Lateral border of
scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Teres major
Action: Extends, medially
rotates, adducts
arm
Origin: Inferior angle of
scapula
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Coracobrachialis
Action: Flexes, addict arm
Origin: Coracoid
process
Insertion: Humerus
Biceps brachii
Action: Flexes, supinates
forearm
Origin: Coracoid
process, glenoid
cavity
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Brachialis
Action: Flexes forearm
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process
Brachioradialis
Action: Flexes forearm
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Radial styloid
process
Pronator teres
Action: Pronates forearm
Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus,
coronoid process
Insertion: Radius
Flexor carpi
radialis
Action: Flexes wrist,
abducts hand
Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion: Second and third
metacarpals
Palmaris longus
Action: Tenses skin and
fascia of palm
Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion: Palmar
aponeurosis
Flexor carpi
ulnar
Action: Flexes wrist,
adducts hand
Origin: Medial
epicondyle,
olecranon
Insertion: Pisiform, hamate,
and fifth
metacarpal
Flexor digitorum
superficialis
Action: Flexes wrist and
middle phalanges
of fingers 2 - 5
Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion: Middle phalanges
of fingers 2 - 5
Flexor pollicis
Action: Flexes distal
phalanx of thumb
Origin: Radius,
interosseous
membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx of
thumb
Flexor digitorum
profundus
Action: Flexes distal
phalanges
Origin: Coronoid process
of ulna, interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanges
of fingers 2 - 5
Pronator
quadratus
Action: Pronates forearm
Origin: Ulna
Insertion: Radius
Triceps brachii
Action: Extends forearm
Origin: Scapula,
humerus
Insertion: Olecranon
Brachioradialis
Action: Flexes
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Radial styloid
process
Extensor carpi
radialis longus
Action: Extends and
abducts wrist
Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Second
metacarpal
Extensor carpi
radialis brevis
Action: Extends and
abducts wrist
Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion: Third metacarpal
Extensor Digitorum
Action: Extends fingers
Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion: Distal phalanges
of fingers 2 - 5
Extensor carpi
ulnaris
Action: Extends, adducts
wrist
Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus, ulna
Insertion: Fifth metacarpal
Supinator
Action: Supinates
forearm
Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus, ulna
Insertion: Radius
Abductor pollicis
longus
Action: Abducts and
extends thumb
Origin: Radius, ulna,
interosseous
membrane
Insertion: First metacarpal,
trapezium
Extensor pollicis
(brevis, longus)
Action: Extends thumb
Origin: Radius, ulna,
interosseous
membrane
Insertion: Proximal, distal
phalanx of thumb
Iliacus
Action: Flexes thigh at
trunk, flexes
vertebral column
laterally
Origin: Iliac fossa, crest,
and sacrum
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Psoas major
Action: Flexes thigh at
trunk, flexes
vertebral column
laterally
Origin: Lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Lesser trochanter
Sartorius
Action: Flexes, abducts,
medially rotates
thigh flexes knee
Origin: Anterior superior
iliac spine
Insertion: Medial proximal
tibia
Adductor Magnus
Action: Adducts, flexes,
extends, medially
rotates thigh
Origin: Ischial and pubic
rami, ischial
tuberosity
Insertion: Linea Aspera
Adductor longus
Action: Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea Aspera
Adductor brevis
Action: Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea Aspera
Gracilis
Action: Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh
Origin: Pubis, ischial
ramus
Insertion: Tibia
Rectus femoris
Action: Extends knee,
flexes thigh
Origin: Anterior inferior
iliac spine,
acetabulum
Insertion: Patella, tibial
tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Vastus lateralis
Action: Extends knee
Origin: Greater
trochanter, linea
Aspera
Insertion: Patella, tibial
tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Vastus medialis
Action: Extends knee
Origin: Linea Aspera
Insertion: Patella, tibial
tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Vastus intermedius
Action: Extends knee
Origin: Proximal shaft of
femur
Insertion: Patella, tibial
tuberosity via
patellar ligament
Gluteus maximus
Action: Extends thigh
Origin: Ilium, sacrum,
coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity
of femur, iliotibial
tract
Gluteus medius
Action: Abducts,
medially
rotates thigh
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Greater
trochanter
Gluteus minimus
Action: Abducts,
medially
rotates thigh
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Greater
trochanter
Biceps femoris
Action: Extends thigh,
flexes knee
Origin: Ischial tuberosity,
linea aspera
Insertion: Head of fibula,
lateral condyle of
tibia
Semitendinosus
Action: Extends thigh,
flexes knee
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Tibia
Semimembranosus
Action: Extends thigh,
flexes knee
