Micro Bio

Question 1

Virus

Answer 1

intracellular parasite

Question 2

Description of viral genome

Answer 2

DNA or RNA, single or double stranded

Question 3

Bateriophage

Answer 3

virus that infects bacteria

Question 4

Description of virus structure

Answer 4

Head and Tail
Head- capsid
Tail- collar, Sheath or central shaft, tail fibers, and base plate

Question 5

Many animal viruses possess what?

Answer 5

an envelop that surrounds the capsid acquired from budding off membrane

Question 6

Viruses without envelop

Answer 6

maked virus

Question 7

Bacteriophage life cycle

Answer 7

attachment
penetration
lytic or lysogenic cycle

Question 8

Lytic phage

Answer 8

hydrolase degrades host genome
lysozyme destroys cell wall
destroys host cells

Question 9

Lysogenic phage

Answer 9

phage genome into host - prophage
host is now lysogen
excision and part of host genome is taken

Question 10

Animal virus enter how?

Answer 10

endocytosis

Question 11

lytic cycle of animal virus

Answer 11

productive cycle

Question 12

lysogenic cycle of animal virus

Answer 12

provirus

Question 13

+ RNA viruses

Answer 13

must encode RNA dependent polymerase

Question 14

• RNA viruses

Answer 14

must carry and encode RNA dependent polymerases

Question 15

Retroviruses

Answer 15

must encode reverse transcriptase

Question 16

Double stranded DNA viruses

Answer 16

must encode enzymes required for DNTP synthesis and DNA replication

Question 17

Subviral particles

Answer 17

viroids and prions

Question 18

prions

Answer 18

responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

Question 19

viroids

Answer 19

many viruses are found in plants

Hep D only human virus

Question 20

plasmid

Answer 20

found in prokaryotic cells that often code for gene products that confer an advantage

Question 21

bacterial cell wall composition

Answer 21

peptidoglycan

Question 22

gram positive

Answer 22

thick peptidoglycan purple

Question 23

gram negative

Answer 23

thin pep, pink, periplasmic space

Question 24

capsule

Answer 24

sticky layer of polysaccharide

Question 25

flagella

Answer 25

motility

Question 26

components of flagella

Answer 26

filament hook basal structure

Question 27

pilli

Answer 27

long projections one bacterial surface

Question 28

sex pilus

Answer 28

attaching F+ and F- facilitates conjugation bridges

Question 29

Autotroph

Answer 29

CO2

Question 30

Heterotroph

Answer 30

organic

Question 31

Photroph

Answer 31

light

Question 32

obligate aerobes

Answer 32

require oxygen

Question 33

anaerobe

Answer 33

no o2

Question 34

facultative anaerobes

Answer 34

use o2 but dont need it

Question 35

tolerant anaerobes

Answer 35

grow in or without o2

Question 36

obligate anaerobes

Answer 36

poisoned by O2

Question 37

Respiration

Answer 37

glucose catabolism uses inorganic

Question 38

fermentation

Answer 38

glucose catabolism uses by product of gc-ethanol or lactase

Question 39

bacterial replication

Answer 39

binary fission

Question 40

endospore

Answer 40

gram + under unfavorable situations

Question 41

Three mechanisms of genetic acquiring of bacteria

Answer 41

conjugation, transduction, transformation

Question 42

fungi cell wall composition

Answer 42

chitin

Question 43

saprophyte

Answer 43

feed off dead plants and animals

Question 44

parasite

Answer 44

feed off living organisms

Question 45

method of nutrition

Answer 45

absorptive