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MCAT > Genetics > Flashcards

Genetics Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

gene

A

fundamental unit of inheritance

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2
Q

Which cells undergo meiosis?

A

spermatogonia and oogonia

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3
Q

nondisjunction

A

failure of chromosome to separate

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4
Q

incomplete dominance

A

phenotype of heterozygote is blended mix of both alleles

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5
Q

codominance

A

two alleles are expressed not blended

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6
Q

pleitropism

A

gene expression alters different unrelated organic phenotype

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7
Q

polygenism

A

complex traits are influenced by many different genes

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8
Q

penetrance

A

likelihood a person with a given genotype will express the expected phenotypeq

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9
Q

epistasis

A

expression of alleles for one gene is dependent on a different gene

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10
Q

linkage

A

failure of genes to display independent assortment

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11
Q

autosomal recessive

A

can skip generations

aa affected

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12
Q

autosomal dominant

A

does not skip generations

AA or Aa

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13
Q

mitochondrial

A

maternal inheritance

A

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14
Q

Y linked

A

affects males only

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15
Q

X linked recessive

A

can skip generations

tend to affect males more

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16
Q

X linked dominant

A

does not skip generations

affect males more

17
Q

hardy Weinberg law

A 
no mutation 
no migration 
no natural selection 
random mating 
large population to prevent random drift in allele frequency
18
Q

Hardy Weinberg equation

A

p+q=1

p2+2pq+q2=1

19
Q

p^2

A

AA genotype

20
Q

2pq

A

Aa genotype

21
Q

q^2

A

aa genotype

22
Q

fitness

A

how successful in passing on alleles to future generation

23
Q

modes of natural selection

A 
directional 
divergent
stabilizing
artificial
sexual 
kin
24
Q

types of reproductive isolation

A

pre and postzygotic

25
Q

pre zygotic

A

prevent formation of hybrid zygote

26
Q

postzygotic

A

barriers to hybridization prevent the development,survival, or reproductions of hybrid individual

27
Q

Taxonomy categories

A

DKPCOFGS

MCAT (9 decks)

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