Micro Flashcards
Returned from holiday with fever, headache and confused
Legionella
Hypernatraemic, diarrhoea, abdo pain, just stayed in hotel
Legionella
with Hepatitis
Legionella Ix and Mx
Urine or serum Ag detection
Macrolides e.g. azithromycin
50yo, LLL pneumonia, haemoptysis, cavitation, gram -ve coccobacilli
H. influenzae
Associated with smoking/COPD
Which respiratory infection is more common in
- Diabetics
- Post influenza
- S. aureus
2. S. aureus
Silver stain, boat shaped organism, eosinophils in alveoli, dry cough
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Man goes to wedding in devon, comes back with pneumonia and confusion. What’s the organism?
Legionella (hyponatraemia –> confusion)
Transplant patient develops pneumonia, halo sign on Xray/CT
Aspergillosis
Complement deficiency, septicaemia, rash and arthritis after unprotected sex
Disseminated gonorrheoa
Wet slide microscopy
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Gram +ve coccus, Coag neg
S. epidermis
S. aureus is coag positive
Gram neg rod
Lactose fermenting
Name 2
E coli
Klebsiella
UTI ass with renal calculus
Proteus
Excess ammonia –> what type of renal stones?
Phosphate stones
Rotavirus vs norovirus
- Age group
- Length of presentation
- Classical symptoms
Rota:
- young children or old adults
- lasts for 1 week
- D&V and dehydration
Noro:
- Adults and children
- Similar presentation but for 2-3 days
Diarrhoea after BBQ
- Potential organisms
- Ix
- Salmonella/shigella
2. Stool culture
MSM is abroad hiking, severe flatulence, foul smelling stool, steatorrhoea, cysts, pear shaped trophozoite
Giardia
Do stool microscopy and immunoassay to diagnose
Post surgery boil on legs, not responding to fluclox etc. What pathogen & treatment?
MRSA –> vancomycin/teicoplanin
MSSA with penicillin allergy
Macrolide e.g. erythromycin OR 3rd gen cephalosporin (but DO NOT use a ceph during acute penicillin reaction i.e. rash still present)
Psuedomonas Abx
Tazocin
Good for pseudomonas bad for anaerobes
Ciprofloxacin
Macrolide antibiotic for atypical pneumonias
Azithromycin
Jaundice, seizures, intracranial calcification in neonate, what antenatal infection?
Toxoplasmosis
STI can cross placenta 3rd trimester
Syphilis
If mother is highly infectious it requires rapid vaccination and immunoglobulins at birth
Hep B
Haemorrhagic cystitis in kids
Adenovirus
PTLD virus
EBV
PML virus
JC virus
Molluscum contagiosum virus
Pox virus
Patient has a skin infection and his son also has a sore throat
Strep pyogenes
Child has red oedematous rash on face then nasal bridge then spread
Erysipelas (?) - strep pyogenes
Painless ulcer on finger after trip to Afghanistan
- Condition
- Bugs
- Vector
- Cutaneous Leishmania
- L.major, L.tropica
- Sandfly
Diarrhoea, sweating, tenesmus, RUQ abscess, flask shaped ulcer on microscopy
Entamoeba Histolytica
Comma shaped, oxidase positive, bloody smelly diarrhoea
Campylobacter
Abdo pain, fever, no diarrhoea, constipation, rose spots, gram negative
Salmonella
Sandflies
Leishmaniasis
Fever, headache, shakes, confusion, just been to Tanzania
Malaria (falciparum)
Treponome specific Ab test (type of microscopy)
Dark-field / dark-ground
Antiviral for severe RS bronchiolitis
Ribavirin
Rsv, Ribavirin
Flu antiviral
Oseltamavir
Can enterovirus cause damage antenatally?
Yes - associated with intrauterine foetal death
Vector for Trypsanoma Brucei Rhodensiense
Tsetse fly
Causes African Trypsanomiasis
Man eats chicken and gets foul smelling bloody diarrhoea with abdo cramps
Campylobacter jejuni
Most common UTI organism in pregnant women
E coli
Urease-producing organism ass. with renal stones
Proteus
proteuS Stones
Catheter associated UTIs
S. epidermis
26 year old cuts leg shaving, 2 days later she presents with a well demarcated area of induration and erythema surrounding the wound - organism?
S. aureus
34 year old farmer/gardener cuts his leg whilst working, 3 days later presents to A&E with grossly oedematous leg that is discoloured with multiple necrotic bullae - organism?
Clostridium perfringens
6 year old girl presents with a well demarcated erythematous rash of her face in the nasolabial distribution - organism?
Strep pyogenes –> Erisypelas
Cysts on microscopy (lung infection)
PCP
Legionella diagnostic test
Urine Antigen Test
Listeria microscopy
V/L shaped, tumbling motility
Bloody travellers diarrhoea, anaemia and low platelets
HUS
Which GI infections have superantigens?
S. aureus
B. cereus
C. diff
C. perfringens
CSF: high protein, normal glucose, lymphocytes
Viral meningitis e.g. HSV
CSF: high protein, low glucose, lymphocytes
TB
CSF: high protein, low glucose, neutrophils
Bacterial
Chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi (on choc agar) Painful ulcer, unilateral LNpathy
Mild CAP treatmetn
Amoxicillin
Severe CAP treatmetn
Co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin
Staph aureus resistant to ß-lactamase & treatment
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staph aureus)
Vancomycin/Teicoplanin
adynophagia meaning
painful swallowing
EBV on blood film and special test
Atypical lymphocytes
Positive monospot test
Oseltamavir target
NA on influenza
Hep B treatment
IFNa
Acyclovir (MoA and use)
Guanosine
HSV, VZV, EBV
Light and dark spots on body
Spag with meatballs on microscopy
Pitoriasis versicolour
Zoonoses from animals and dairy
Brucellosis
Ticks and macpap rash
Rickettsia
Rocky Mt Spotted fever
Rickettsia
Negribodies
Rabies
Lowen Jensen Culture
TB –> Brown granular
Pneumonia in alcoholics (+ list two more features)
Klebsiella pneumponiae
Cavitation + haemoptysis (red currant jelly haemoptysis)
GI infection which attaches to bowel but does not invade –> malnutrition, bloating, weight loss
Giardia lambia
Crusty ulcer and LNpathy after walking on the beach
Leishmania (cutaneous)
Leishmania major/tropica
Sandflies are vector
Kala azar
Visceral leishmania (fever and splenomegaly)
Presentation like cutaneous leishmania but with mouth ulcers too (later)
- Name
- Pathogen
Muco-cutaneous Leishmania
L. braziliensis
Leishmanias are what type of organism
Protozoa
Visceral Leishmania pathogens
donovania, chagasi and infantum
Septic arthritis pathogen
Gon > chlam
sCJD vs vCJD
Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
- 14-3-3 in CSF
- Neuro mainly
Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease
- tonsillar biopsy
- psych before neuro