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Histopath COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Oesophageal cancer with reflux, mass 35 cm down

A

Adenocarcinoma

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2
Q

Oesophageal cancer with smoking and alcohol 20 cm down

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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3
Q

what happens to the body of the stomach in a patient with pernicious anaemia

A

Atrophy

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4
Q

Most common breast malignancy

A

Invasive ductal

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5
Q

E cadherin related

A

Invasive lobular

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6
Q

Fibroepithelial tumour with stromal elements (breast)

A

Phylloides

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7
Q

Woman with progressive amnesia who has developed bronchopneumona (CVS EMQ)

A

??multiple cortical infarts

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8
Q

Pain at the END of micturition + loin to groin pain

A

Renal calculi

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9
Q

Man with AF develops fever, N&V, and pain in right loin

A

Renal infarct (AF-> clots)

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10
Q

Cancer with keratin and intercellular bridges (desmosomes)

A

SCC

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11
Q

Transitional cancer - which organ?

A

Bladder

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12
Q

OvCa - most common + psammoma bodies

A

Serous cystadenoma

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13
Q

Sarcoidosis changes in LNs

A

Granulomas

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14
Q

What is deposited in kidneys in MM?

A

AL amyloid or IgG light chains

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15
Q

What material is seen in the vessel of a paitent with an MI due to burst atheroma? (embolus/thrombus/atheromatous plaque)

A

Thrombus

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16
Q

What would you see in scar 1 week post op?

A

Granulation tissue (?)

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17
Q

54 yo, fever, weakness, hyperCa, painless haematuria

A

RCC

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18
Q

Pain at end of micturition and fever

A

UTI

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19
Q

Bilateral oedema, oliguria, ,red cell casts

A

Nephritic syndrome

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20
Q

Kidney changes in T1DM

A

Renal sclerosis

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21
Q

Radiosensitive cancer of the testicle in young man + white/smooth appearance

A

Seminoma

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22
Q

Bladder cancer + schistosomiasis

A

SCC

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23
Q

Breast: 55yo, bloody nipple discharge, branching fibrovascular cores, bland epithelium

A

Duct papilloma (AKA Intraductal papilloma) - benign

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24
Q

Artichoke like breast lump

A

Phyllodes

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25
Stellate pattern of glandular tissue surrounding central scar
Radial scar (resembles carcinoma on mammogram)
26
Keritanizing squamous epithelium in smokers breast
Periductal masitits (not lactation related)
27
Breast mass, aspirate brown fluid, cysts
Fibrocystic disease
28
red, roughened, ulcerated nipple
Paget's of the nipple
29
Microcalcifications of mammography
DCIS
30
Sheets of atypical cells with lymphocytic infiltrate (breast)
Basal like carcinoma
31
Multiparous, thick white secretions from nipples
Duct ectasia
32
Lung cancer with paraneoplastic syndromes (e.g. ACTH)
Small cell carcinoma
33
Plumber, thickened pleura
mesothelioma
34
ship worker pleural plaques
asbestos
35
red rusty sputum
strep pneumonia
36
Pattern of lung injury in a1at deficiency
emphysema (often in non smokers)
37
Aggressive LCa responds to chemo
Small cell
38
Common in women and non-smokers (Lung ca)
Adenocarcinoma
39
Smokers + SIADH
Small cell lung cancer
40
Mutations in lung cancer: KRAS
adeno or squamous = poor prognosis, do not respond to TKI
41
Mutations in lung cancer: EML4-ALK
adenocarcinoma
42
Mutations in lung cancer: EGFR
adenocarcinoma
43
Mutations in lung cancer: ERCC1
NSCLC - poorer response to cisplatin
44
Howships lacunae associated with which cell
Osteoclasts
45
20yo with lytic lesion in the diaphsis of his leg - the pain is alleviated by aspirin
Osteoid Osteoma
46
Liver ANA pos with lymphocytic infiltrate
AI hepatitis
47
PBC
AMA+, cirrhosis, high ALP, granulomas, A/W autoimmune conditions
48
PSC
Beaded appearance, UC, onion skin fibrosis, can progress to cholangiocarcinoma
49
Lowe GI polyps not associated with cancer risk
Hamartomatous (also seen in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome )
50
84yo woman, acute cramp like abdo pain, oedematous thickening of bowel wall, areas of necrotic ulceration confined to mucosal layers, AF
Ischaemic colitis (often in watershed areas i.e. rectosigmoid or splenic flexure)
51
Signet ring cell cancer
Adenocarcinoma --> tends to be gastric (lower GI)
52
Krukenberg
Signet ring cell carcinoma from stomach in ovaries
53
Pernicious anaemia associated with what cancer
Gastric cancer (?MALT)
54
Cancer of the pancreatic duct
Ductal adenocarcinoma
55
Pancreatitis and IgG deposition
AI Pancreatits
56
Rare pancreas tumour in children
Pancreatoblastoma
57
Mass following acure pancreatitis
Pseudocyst
58
Chronic pancreatitis macro sign on laparoscopy
White specks around and on pancreas
59
Young psych then motor
Variant CJD
60
B amyloid plaques
AD
61
Epileptic, freckles, optic nerve tumour, bumps on skin
NF1
62
Mass under dura mater compressing parietal lobe
Meningioma
63
Capillary loops surrounded by epithelial cells
AV malformation
64
HIV, raised ICP, new onset epilepsy
Cryptococcus/toxoplasmosis
65
Raised AFT testicular tumour
Teratoma (germ cell tumours) - are CHEMOsensitive
66
Painless ulcer, snail track ulcers in mouth
Syphilis
67
Thyroid cancer with RET mutation
Medullary
68
Calcitonin staining thyroid
Medullary (+MEN2+Parafollicular C cells)
69
Cystic lesion with papillary architecture/clear cytoplasm in thyroid
Papillary
70
Tumour which secretes oestrogen
Granulosa-theca cell tumour
71
Fibroma (Ovarian) association
Meig's syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion)
72
Thorotrast exposure
Liver or other cancers Old school carcinogen from past paper
73
Signet ring = What class of cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
74
Neurofibrillary tangles
Alzheimer's (they are aggregates of tau protein)
75
Types of endometrial cancer
Endometrioid (80%) - the classic one related to oestrogen excess Non-endometrioid (20%) - papillary/serous/clear cell - more aggressive than endometrioid - unrelated to estrogen, usually in elderly women with endometrial atrophy
76
Nutmeg liver 1. underlying disease 2. other associated sign
R sided heart failure | Haemosiderin macrophages in lungs
77
What is Dressler syndrome? (+3 signs and timing)
4 weeks post MI | Fever, pericardial rub, chest pain
78
Oat cell
Small cell carcinoma
79
Non-caseating granulomas
Crohn's
80
Hamartomatous polyps with extraintestinal features 1. name of syndrome 2. What are some extraintestinal features?
1. Gardner's Syndrome | 2. Osteomas and skin bumps (epidermoid cysts)
81
Parkinsons and personality changes. Stains with Rhodanine.
Wilson's
82
Aflatoxin
HCC
83
Prussian blue stain
Haemochromatosis
84
Brown-red warty leasion with sandpaper like consistensy
Actinic Keratosis
85
Goodpastures on renal microscopy
Crescents
86
rhabdo leads to what in the kidneys?
Acute renal failure by acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
87
Nerve impingement and heart failure with raised ALP
Paget's
88
Lytic lesions, knee, soap bubble appearance
Giant cell tumour
89
Bone pain and looser's zones (pseudofractures)
Osteomalacia
90
McCune Albright Syndrome
Cafe au lait, precocious puberty, fibrous dysplasia
91
Non bacterial thrombotic endocarditis 1. age 2. characteristics 3. Associations
1. Over 40s 2. no inflamm or infection 3. Malignancy and thromboembolism
92
Which part doe h pylori most severely affect?
The pyloric antrum
93
Intrapancreatic calculi and fibrosis
Chronic pancreatitis
94
Enchondroma
Hands and feets (the ends) Cotton wool calcification Hyaline cartilage affected ass with Ollier's and Maffuci's syndromes
95
Osteochondroma 1. other name 2. what is it?
1. exostosis 2. Like osteoma but with cartilagenous cap and in long bones (cause longer name) Popcorn calcification
96
Periodic acid schiff stain
a1 antitrypsin deficiency
97
Codman's triangle and sunburst appearance
Osteosarcoma In teenagers around the knee with high ALP
98
Comminuted fracture (other names)
Splintered fracture (or segmental)
99
White cell casts in urine
Pyelo
100
Benign, blood stained nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
101
Pauci-immune crescent GN
Does not have anti-GBM or immune complex Is associated with Wegeners (ANCA) and vasculitis which can cause pulmonary haemorrhage and rash

Path Past Papers (38 decks)

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