Metronidazole & Tinidazole Flashcards
Metronidazole MOA:
Disrupts DNA/Protein synthesis by binding and deactivating DNA/proteins
Metronidazole ADR’s:
Seizures
decreased plasma clearance with hepatic dysfunction
Metronidazole Drug interactions:
Warfarin: potentiates effect
Alcohol: Cramps, N/V, Ha, flush
Disulfiram: Psychotic reaction
Lithium/Bisulfan: Increased lithium/bisulfan levels
Metronidazole can be used for bacterial and parasitic infections. Name the common organisms it can be used to treat:
Bacterial: Anaerobes, vaginosis, CDI, H Pylori
Protozoal infections: T Vaginalis, G Lamblia, E Histolytica, Balantidium, Dracunculus medinensis
Absorption/Distribution of metronidazole:
Well-absorbed; can cause GI upset/
Distributed widely
Crosses CSF, placenta, breastmilk, bone, vaginal secretion, seminal fluid
Metabolism/Excretion of metronidazole:
Metabolized by CYP450
Mostly all renal excretion
Metronidazole is contraindicated for:
Trichomoniasis in the 1st Trimester of pregnancy as it can cause cleft palette in children
Tinidazole MOA:
Disrupts DNA/Protein synthesis by binding and deactivating DNA/proteins
Tinidazole ADR’s:
Anorexia, GI symptoms, dizziness, H/a, dry mouth, metallic taste
Tinidazole Drug interactions:
Warfarin
Alcohol/Disulfiram
Tinidazole can be used to treat:
Trichomoniasis: T Vaginalis, giardiasis
Bacterial vaginosis, intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abcess
Tinidazole absorption/Distribution:
Rapidly and completely absorbed
Widely distributed to all tissues: Crosses BBB, placenta, secreted in breast milk
Tinidazole Metabolism/Excretion:
Extensive CYP3A4 metabolism
Excreted in liver, recovered in urine as unchanged
Important considerations for Tinidazole:
Do not give in 1st trimester
Excreted in breastmilk for 72 hours after last dose
