CH 16 Vaccines Flashcards
What vaccines are Attenuated “Live” (12)
INFLUENZA LIVE, ATTENUATED VACCINE (LAIV)
MEASLES, MUMPS, AND RUBELLA VACCINE
ORAL POLIOVIRUS VACCINE
ROTAVIRUS VACCINE
VARICELLA VIRUS VACCINE
ORAL TYPHOID VACCINE
YELLOW FEVER VACCINE
CHOLERA VACCINE
BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUÉRIN VACCINE
DENGUE
EBOLA
MPOX
What vaccines are inactive “killed” (14)
COVID-19
DIPHTHERIA, TETANUS, AND PERTUSSIS VACCINE
HAEMOPHILUS B CONJUGATE VACCINE
INACTIVATED POLIOVIRUS VACCINE
HEPATITIS A VIRUS VACCINE
HEPATITIS B VIRUS VACCINE
HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE
INFLUENZA VACCINE (FluZone)
PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE
MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINE
TYPHOID VACCINE
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS VACCINE
PLAGUE VACCINE
RABIES VACCINE
All patients or the parents or guardians of the patients are required by law to receive _____ that are developed by the CDC.
Vaccine Information Statements (VISs)
The Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) is administered how
intranasal
Contraindications for Live, Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV)?
Asthma, reactive airway disease, chronic pulm or cardiac problems, diabetics, and those who are immunocompromised
Those who are anaphylactic to eggs
Pregnant women
Children under 2
What is the leading cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide
Rotavirus
What are two ingredients in many live vaccines that if the patient is allergic make the vaccine contraindicated
Neomycin and Gelatin
Are people infectious during the incubation phase of ebola?
No
How is Hep A transmitted?
via contaminated food and water, as well as person-to-person contact
Who is at high risk for Hep A?
those who use drugs, persons experiencing homelessness, men who have sex with men, currently or recently incarcerated persons, and anyone with chronic liver disease
How is Hep B transmitted?
transmitted when blood, semen, or another body fluid from a person infected with HBV enters the body of someone who is not infected
Who is the annual (inactive) flu vaccine contraindicated for?
Anaphylactic reaction to the influenza vaccine, eggs, or egg products is a contraindication to the use of influenza vaccine
Patients who have severe hypersensitivity to eggs should only be administered the recombinant influenza vaccine (Flucelvax, FluBlok), which is produced using non-egg technologies
influenza vaccine should be administered annually to?
all persons age 6 months and older, including pregnant women
How many serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis worldwide? Which causes the most outbreaks on college campuses?
- Serotype B.
In patients who are not in any high-risk category or high-risk environment, what PPD skin duration denotes a positive result? Those who are high risk?
result of 15 mm or more induration is considered positive.
High risk - 10mm or more
When can the rabies vaccination be given?
Rabies vaccine can be given for primary or pre-exposure vaccination or as part of postexposure prophylaxis
Should tetanus vaccine be given in pregnancy?
yes. Pregnant patients should receive a dose of Tdap, ideally between 27 and 36 weeks’ gestation, with every pregnancy to provide passive immunity for the infant
What are immunoglobulins used for
IG serums provide passive immunity to infectious diseases
IGs are derived from?
the pooled plasma of adults
How many subtypes are included in the flu vaccine?
4 different viral subtypes
How is the flu vaccine administered? How long until antibodies are produced?
IM. 10-14 days.`
How long does immunity persist with the MMR vaccine?
15 years or more. Some people develop immunity for life.
What contraindicates the MMR vaccine?
Previous anaphylactic reaction to the MMR vaccine or any vaccine component, including neomycin (topically or systemically administered) or gelatin.
Not recommended for immunocompromised patients
How is the MMR vaccine administered
SubQ
