Methods Flashcards
What is hindsight bias
The tendency to think you knew it all along
What is the tendency to think you knew it all along called
Hindsight bias
What is applied research
Research that has clear practical applications
What is research that has clear practical applications called
Applied research
What is basic research
Research that explores questions of interest but is not intended to have immediate real-world applications
What is research that explores questions of interest but is not intended to have immediate real-world applications called
Basic research
What is a hypothesis
A relationship between two variables
What is a relationship between two variables called
A hypothesis
What is a theory
Something that aims to explain some phenomenon
What is something that aims to explain some phenomenon called
A theory
How do you operationalize a variable
By explaining how it will be measured
(ex. what is considered violent)
Explaining how something is measured is called a what
Operational definition
What indicates valid research
When it measures what the research set out to measure
When research measures what it’s set out to measure it is…
Valid
What indicates reliable research
When it can be replicated
When research can be replicated it is…
Reliable
When research does not measure what it’s set out to measure it is…
Invalid
When research cannot be replicated it is…
Unreliable
What is sampling
The process of which participants are selected
What is the process of which participants are selected called
Sampling
What is the population
Anyone that could be selected to be in the sample
Anyone that could be selected to be in the sample is called…
The population
What is random selection
When every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
When every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected it is called…
Random selection
What is stratified sampling
Representative sampling based on a specific criteria (ex. sampling genders proportionate to the population)
Representative sampling based on a specific criteria is called…
Stratified sampling
Were are lab experiments conducted in
A lab or any highly controlled environment
An experiment conducted in a lab or any highly controlled environment is called a…
Lab experiment
Where are field experiments conducted in
Out in the world
An experiment conducted out in the world is called a…
Field experiment
What is a confounding variable
Any difference between experimental and control conditions that may affect the dependent variable (except the independent variable)
Any difference between experimental and control conditions that may affect the dependent variable (except the independent variable) is called a…
Confounding variable
What is random assignment
Each participant has an equal chance of being placed into any group
Each participant having an equal chance of being placed into any group is called…
Random assignment