Meteorology 4/21/24

Question 1

whats the relationship between density and air pressure?

Answer 1

the denser of an atmosphere, the greater the air pressure. directly related.

Question 2

What’s a barometer?

Answer 2

An instrument that measures air pressure

Question 3

Whats the relationship between temperature and air pressure?

Answer 3

as temperature of air increases, the pressure decreases. Reverse effect.

Question 4

Whats the relationship between water vapor and air pressure?

Answer 4

the greater the amount of water vapor in the air, the lower the air pressure

Question 5

Whats the relationship between altitude and air pressure?

Answer 5

as altitude increases, air pressure decreases

Question 6

air pressure

Answer 6

air pressure is the weight of air surrounding an object

Question 7

whats the relationship between elevation and air pressure?

Answer 7

as elevation increases there is a decrease in air pressure because gravity is stronger and the air is less dense which increases pressure

Question 8

Why is air pressure almost always changing?

Answer 8

air pressure is almost always changing because it is caused by changes in air density, and air density is related to temperature

Question 9

Warm weather causes pressure to?

Answer 9

decrease

Question 10

What does rising pressure and falling pressure both indicate?

Answer 10

a change in temperature

Question 11

As altitude increases pressure…

Answer 11

decreases

Question 12

whats the difference between weather and climate?

Answer 12

measure of time, weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, climate is how the atmosphere acts/behaves over a relatively long period of time

Question 13

radiation

Answer 13

how the Earth receives solar energy, it is energy that moves from one place to another

Question 14

conduction

Answer 14

energy flows through solids by conduction

Question 15

convection

Answer 15

distributes heat through fluids

Question 16

humidity

Answer 16

the water vapor content of the air is called humidity

Question 17

relative humidity

Answer 17

a comparison of the actual water vapor content of air with the maximum amount of water vapor air can hold at a given temperature

Question 18

as temperature increases, relative humidity…

Answer 18

decreases

Question 19

dew point

Answer 19

may be used as an indication of absolute humidity

Question 20

how is the dew point related to humidity?

Answer 20

when the dew point is reached, the air is 100% relative humidity, the air is full of water vapor, so condensation occurs.

Question 21

condensation

Answer 21

the process where water vapor becomes liquid

Question 22

absolute humidity

Answer 22

refers to the measured amount of moisture in the air

Question 23

relative humidity

Answer 23

refers to how full of moisture the air is

Question 24

precipitation

Answer 24

is any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and fills back to the earth

Question 25

cloud formation (windward side)

Answer 25

1) air hits the mountains and rises air rises because it warms up and it is less dense. 2) As air rises it expands due to less air pressure, it is able to expand due to a decrease in air pressure with an increase in altitude. 3) air cools because it expands. 4) the expansion caused the air to cool to its dew point.

Question 26

little/no cloud formation (leeward side)

Answer 26

1) the air sinks because it is more dense. 2) as air sinks, it compresses due to more air pressure with lower altitude and warms. 3) air compresses because it condenses and warms and gets further from the dew point. 4) little to no condensation happens due to warmer, condensed air because it cannot cool to the dew point.

Question 27

cold air holds less water vapor then..

Answer 27

warm air

Question 28

cooler air holds less water vapor because

Answer 28

when temperature decreases, the air cools to its dew point (the temperature at which the air is saturated/full of water vapor)

Question 29

psychrometer

Answer 29

is an instrument that can be used to determine the dew-point and humidity

Question 30

dry-bulb temperature

Answer 30

is measured air temperature

Question 31

wet-bulb temperature

Answer 31

is the temperature of evaporation cooling

Question 32

air cools due to...

Answer 32

expansion

Question 33

air warms due to...

Answer 33

compression

Question 34

rising air on the windward side of a mountain...

Answer 34

compresses and cools

Question 35

sinking air on the leeward side of a mountain...

Answer 35

expands and warms

Question 36

the climate on the windward side of a mountain is usually...

Answer 36

cool and wet

Question 36

the climate on the leeward side of a mountain is usually...

Answer 36

warm and dry

Question 37

what happens to air on the windward side of the mountain range?

Answer 37

air is rising, expanding, cooling and condensing on the windward side

Question 38

why does the windward side of the mountain have a wetter climate?

Answer 38

because the air cools which brings the air temperature closer to the dew point and causes precipitation

Question 39

what side of the mountain is the dew-point reached?

Answer 39

the windward side of the mountain

Question 40

what side of the mountain receives the least amount of average yearly precipitation?

Answer 40

the leeward side of the mountain

Question 41

global winds

Answer 41

winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet, caused by unequal heating of the atmosphere

Question 42

prevailing winds

Answer 42

the winds that flows from high to low pressure zones (they are permanent winds) are called prevailing winds, surface winds that blow predominantly from a certain direction

Question 43

trade winds

Answer 43

winds that blow east to west just north and south of the equator

Question 44

polar easterlies

Answer 44

dry, cold, prevailing winds that blow from the east

Question 45

prevailing westerlies

Answer 45

winds that blow from the west

Question 46

local winds

Answer 46

are winds that blow over a limited area, caused by unequal heating of the atmosphere

Question 47

where does air sink ?

Answer 47

air sinks at the poles because it is cold

Question 48

where does air rise?

Answer 48

air rises at the equator because it is hot

Question 49

sea breeze

Answer 49

is a wind that blows from sea to land in the day or in summer when the land is warmer than the ocean

Question 50

land breeze

Answer 50

is a wind that blows from land to sea at night or in winter when the ocean is warmer than the land

Question 51

valley breeze

Answer 51

an uphill airflow

Question 52

mountain breeze

Answer 52

is a downhill airflow (mountain to valley) when air is cooler (at night typically)

Question 53

jet streams

Answer 53

are wandering currents of air far above earth's surface (they circle the globe from west to east, usually in the upper part of the troposphere)

Question 54

when does wind occur

Answer 54

wind occurs when air moves from high pressure to low

Question 55

air near the equator is heated by the sun and becomes less...

Answer 55

it becomes less dense and rises

Question 56

near the poles it is cold so dense air...

Answer 56

sinks down towards the earth

Question 57

Coriolis effect

Answer 57

the Coriolis Effect is the turning of wind belts because of Earth's rotation

Question 58

what is wind formed by?

Answer 58

wind is formed by the uneven heating of earth's surface

Question 59

energy of wind comes from?

Answer 59

energy of wind comes from the sun.