Metamonada and Ciliophora

Question 1

Chilomastix mesnili trophozoites

Answer 1

2-4 flagella with one flagella associated posteriorly with a ventrally located cytosomal area bordered by a fibril
Non-pathogenic
Pear shaped
Humans and monkeys are definitive hosts
Inhabits the large intestine of the definitive host

Question 2

Chilomastix mesnili cysts

Answer 2

Lemon or pear shaped
Large, irregular karyosome and the cytostomal fibrils
Has cap at one end

Question 3

Giardia lamblia trophs

Answer 3

Shaped like a tennis racquet
2 equal nuclei lying side by side (bilateral symmetry) with large endosomes and framed by adhesive discs
4 pairs of flagella
2 parallel rods (axonemes) of the ventral flagella from the median axostyle
Causes diarrhea in the small intestine of humans (bever fever)
Reservoir is beavers

Question 4

Giardia lamblia cysts

Answer 4

Young have 2 nuclei, mature have 4 nuclei (*)

Same bilaterally symmetrical pattern as trophs

Question 5

Trichomonas vaginalis or muris

Answer 5

Urogenital parasites of humans, causes vaginitis and other urogenital problems
3 anterior flagella, 1 posterior free flagella
Anterior tuft of flagella, stout axostyle, and an undulating membrane along recurrent flagellum

Question 6

Balantidium coli trophs

Answer 6

Very large, obvious kidney shaped macronucleus , micronucleus may be less obvious
Causes: Balantidiasis (intestinal discomfort, diarrhea)
Largest intestinal protozoan parasite of humans, and the only ciliate parasite of humans

Question 7

Macronucleus

Answer 7

Vegetative functions

Question 8

Micronuclei

Answer 8

Derived from macronucleus but their function is sexual reproduction

Question 9

Balantidium coli cysts

Answer 9

Spherical

Cilia form within the cyst but eventually disappear after a period of time

Question 10

What are the main features you would look for if you thought it could be a trichomonad?

Answer 10

Undulating membrane
Axostyle
Tuft of flagella at anterior end

Question 11

What are the visible features you would use to identify Balantidium coli?
How can you tell between cyst and troph?

Answer 11

Macronucleus, cilia

Cyst: cyst wall
Troph: cilia