Metals Flashcards
Metals are found on which side of the periodic table, left or right?
Left
To become stable with a full outer shell, do metals need to gain or lose electrons?
Need to lose electrons
What are delocalised electrons?
Electrons free to move and not held to a particular atom
Define metallic bonding?
Electrostatic force of attraction between positive metal ions and negative delocalised electrons.
Reactivity series
Peter Smith Lacidazrically Caught My Aunt Cocking Zelda In London Holding Copper Silver and Gold.
Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium CARBON Zinc Iron Lead HYDROGEN Copper Silver Gold
Metal + water—>
Metal + water—> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
Metal + steam —>
Metal + steam —-> metal oxide + hydrogen
Metal + acid—>
Metal + acid —-> salt + hydrogen
Sulfuric acid forms what type of salts?
Sulfates
Nitric acid forms what types of salts?
Nitrates
Hydrochloric acids form what type of salts?
Chlorides
What type of reaction occurs when a more reactive metal takes away the compound of a less reactive metal?
Clue. Lionel messi
Displacement reactions
Extraction of metals
Unreactive metals are called Native metals as they don’t combine with other substances so can be dug straight out of the ground.
Give an example of a native metal
Silver
Gold
Extraction of metals
Carbon can be used to displace metals to extract them. Which metals can be extracted using carbon?
Zinc and below on the reactivity series as they are less reactive than carbon so the carbon displaces the metal
Extraction of metals
Electrolysis is used to extract which metals from their metal ores?
Aluminium and above in the reactivity series as carbon is less reactive so cannot be used to displace the metal
3 methods of extraction of metals
Dig straight out of ground - native metals
Displace with carbon
Electrolysis
Why is carbon used instead of electrolysis?
Cheaper
Electrolysis uses lots of energy
What furnace is used to extract iron from iron ore?
A blast furnace
What is iron ore commonly called?
Haematite
What reacts with iron to make it rust?
Water and oxygen
Name methods of preventing iron rusting.
Barrier methods:
painting, oiling, plastic coating
Sacrificial methods - use zinc which is more reactive than iron so oxidises instead she
