Acids, Bases and Salts Flashcards
A salt is formed when….
the hydrogen in an acid is replaced by a metal or ammonium.
Acid + Metal —>
Acid + Metal —> Salt + hydrogen
Acid + Base —>
Acid + Base —> Salt + water
Acid + Carbonate —>
Acid + Carbonate —> Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Is iron oxide an acid or a base?
a base
Is sodium hydroxide an acid or a base?
a base
Is HCL an acid or a base?
an acid - hydrochloric acid also called hydrogen chloride
Is H2 SO4 an acid or a base?
an acid - sulfuric acid also called hydrogen sulphate
Is H2 NO3 an acid or a base?
an acid - nitric acid also called hydrogen nitrate
A base is a metal oxide or metal hydroxide. What do we call a base that is soluable in water?
an alkali
How do we choose which practical method we use to prepare a salt?
Use the solubility rules
When do we use titration to make a salt?
When making a soluble salt from a soluble base (or alkali)
When do we use the insoluble base method to make a salt?
When making a soluble salt from a metal or insoluble base or carbonate
Describe the Insoluble Base method of making a salt.
Add acid to beaker
Warm up to speed up reaction
Gradually add the base or carbonate until it no longer dissolves
Filter to remove excess solute
Heat in evaporating basin to reduce volume to one third
Then evaporate the remainder slowly to get salt crystals
Describe the Titration method of making a salt.
Add measured volume of alkali in a conical flask
Add few drops of an indicator
Use a burette to add the acid until indicator changes colour
Note reading change on burette
Repeat using same volumes but without indicator to make the salt
Heat in evaporating basin to one third volume
Then evaporate remainder slowly to get salt crystals
