Metals

Question 1

What are the properties of metals ?

Answer 1

Shiny
Malleable
Good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 2

Why is it important we recycle metals ?

Answer 2

They are finite in nature

Question 3

What is metallic bonding ?

Answer 3

The force of attraction between positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

Question 4

What is an alloy?

Answer 4

Is a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal

Question 5

What do alloys have in comparison to pure elements ?

Answer 5

Different physical properties and are often more useful that pure metals

Question 6

What is brass an alloy of ?

Answer 6

70% copper

30% zinc

Question 7

What is 18 carat gold an alloy of?

Answer 7

75% gold

25% copper/other metals

Question 8

What is the chemical formula for potassium permanganate ?

Answer 8

KMnO4

Question 9

What does a metal + oxygen produce ?

Answer 9

Metal oxide

Question 10

What metals do not readily react with oxygen ?

Answer 10

Mercury
Silver
Gold

Question 11

What does a metal + water produce?

Answer 11

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 12

Most metals don’t react with water but what do?

Answer 12

Only group 1 and group 2

Question 13

Why do alkali metals have to be stored under oil?

Answer 13

They react violently with water

Question 14

What do metal + acid produce?

Answer 14

Salt + hydrogen

Question 15

What metals do not react with dilute acid?

Answer 15

Copper
Mercury
Silver
Gold

Question 16

What is oilrig ?

Answer 16

Oxidation is loss

Reduction is gain

Question 17

What metals react with oxygen to form metal oxide ? (11)

Answer 17

Potassium 
Sodium
Lithium 
Calcium
Magnesium 

Aluminium 
Zinc 
Iron 
Tin
Lead

Copper

Question 18

What metals react with water to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen? (5)

Answer 18

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium

Question 19

What metals react with acid to form a metal salt and hydrogen ?(10)

Answer 19

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium

Aluminium 
Zinc 
Iron 
Tin
Lead

Question 20

How can less reactive metals (copper, Mercury, silver, gold) be found?

Answer 20

Uncombined in the earths crust

Question 21

What is the equation for the extraction of unreactive metals by heat alone ?

Answer 21

Metal oxide > metal+oxygen

Question 22

What type of reaction are the extractions of metals from ores ?

Answer 22

Reduction.

Question 23

How can slightly more reactive metals be removed from their oxides ?

Answer 23

By heating with carbon or carbon monoxide

Question 24

Give 2 examples of unreactive metals that can be extracted from their oxide by heating alone ?

Answer 24

Mercury and silver

Question 25

Give 2 examples of slightly more reactive metals that can be extracted from their oxide by heating with carbon or carbon monoxide ?

Answer 25

Copper and zinc

Question 26

By extracting slightly more reactive metals by heating carbon or carbon monoxide what do they produce ?

Answer 26

Metal atom and carbon dioxide

Question 27

Where can iron from iron ore be produced ?

Answer 27

In a blast furnace

Question 28

How can even more reactive metals be extracted from their compounds ?

Answer 28

By electrolysis

Question 29

Give examples of even more reactive metals that can be extracted from their compounds by electrolysis ?

Answer 29

``` Potassium Sodium Lithium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium ```

Question 30

During electrolysis what happens to the metal ions ?

Answer 30

They gain electrons at the negative electrode to become metal atoms

Question 31

What are the 3 methods in which metals can be extracted from their ores if not found uncombined ?

Answer 31

Extraction by heating alone Extraction by heating with carbon or carbon monoxide Extraction by electrolysis

Question 32

What is oilrig ?

Answer 32

Oxidation is loss | Reduction is gain

Question 33

What reactions always occur together?

Answer 33

Oxidation and reduction

Question 34

What is the name given to oxidation and reduction reactions that occur at the same time ?

Answer 34

Redox reactions

Question 35

What can redox reactions be split into?

Answer 35

2 ion-electron equations

Question 36

What reaction produces a metal atom?

Answer 36

Reduction

Question 37

What reaction produces metal ion and electron?

Answer 37

Oxidation

Question 38

What are displacement reactions ?

Answer 38

If we place a metal into a solution of ions which are lower in the ECS, the higher metal will displace the lower metal

Question 39

Describe displacement reactions ?

Answer 39

The higher metal will lose electrons to become ions and go into the solution (oxidation) whereas the lower metal will gain electrons, become metal atoms and comes out of solution (reduction)

Question 40

What must the ion electron equation be for a oxidation?

Answer 40

Reversed

Question 41

What is not included in redox equations?

Answer 41

Electrons and spectator ions

Question 42

What is a reducing agent?

Answer 42

A chemical which causes another substance to reduce I.e. Donates electrons (oxidation)

Question 43

What metals in the ECS react with acids ?

Answer 43

Only metals above hydrogen

Question 44

Give 2 examples of energy sources that power objects through redox reactions ?

Answer 44

Fuel cells and rechargeable batteries