Metals

Question 1

Where can you find metals on the periodic table?

Answer 1

On the left side

Question 2

For metals, reactivity increases as you go ____ the table

Answer 2

Down

Question 3

Do metals have high or low melting and boiling points?

Answer 3

High

Question 4

What are the properties of metals?

Answer 4

• Dense
• Shiny
• Malleable
• Ductile
• Sonorous
• High melting and boiling points
• Good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 5

What processes can be used to extract metal ores?

Answer 5

Displacement or electrolysis

Question 6

Metals higher in the reactivity series than hydrogen are found as _____ _____

Answer 6

Metal ores

Question 7

Metals lower in the reactivity series than hydrogen are found __________ ____

Answer 7

Chemically pure

Question 8

Metal + water ——> ???

Answer 8

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 9

Why is metal extraction needed?

Answer 9

To obtain a pure metal from a metal ore

Question 10

What is a displacement reaction?

Answer 10

When a more reactive metal replaces a less reactive metal in a compound

Question 11

What is reduction?

Answer 11

The gain of electrons, loss of oxygen or gain or hydrogen

Question 12

What is the most used metal for displacement?

Answer 12

Iron

Question 13

What is the chemical formula for iron oxide?

Answer 13

Fe₂O₃

Question 14

Iron oxide + carbon ——> ???

Answer 14

Iron + carbon dioxide

Question 15

What is the name of the process if a compound loses oxygen?

Answer 15

Reduction

Question 16

What are the negatives of displacement with carbon?

Answer 16

• Requires heat energy to work (the energy would probably be from fossil fuels)
• Produces carbon dioxide as a by-product

Question 17

What are the negatives of electrolysis?

Answer 17

• It uses electricity (probably from fossil fuels)
• Requires the metal ore to be melted (high temperatures needed)
• Expensive

Question 18

What are the negatives of phytomining?

Answer 18

• Slow
• Takes up lots of land

Question 19

What is corrosion?

Answer 19

When oxygen reacts with a metal to form a metal oxide

Question 20

What is an alloy?

Answer 20

A mixture of two or more elements, where at least one element is a metal

Question 21

What could an alloy be made to do?

Answer 21

• Not susceptible to corrosion
• Harder
• Stronger

Question 22

Why do we have alloys?

Answer 22

To change metals to make their properties more beneficial

Question 23

Explain how an alloy is stronger than a pure metal

Answer 23

Pure metals are arranged in layers that can easily slide over each other, which is why they are soft. In alloys there are atoms of different sizes so a much greater force is required to move those layers, meaning it is stronger.

Question 24

What is steel made from?

Answer 24

Typically iron and carbon

Question 25

What is bronze made from?

Answer 25

Typically copper and tin

Question 26

What is brass made from?

Answer 26

Typically copper and zinc

Question 27

What is pewter made from?

Answer 27

Typically mostly tin as well as copper and silver

Question 28

What is a life cycle assessment?

Answer 28

An analysis of a manufactured product on the environment

Question 29

The reaction for the extraction of aluminium ore involves:

a) heating with carbon
b) thermal decomposition
c) reduction
d) neutralisation

Answer 29

C) reduction

Question 30

Describe the changes you would see in this resection:

Magnesium + copper sulphate ——> copper + magnesium sulphate

Answer 30

• Magnesium would disappear
• A red/brown solid is formed
• the solution would change from blue to colourless

Question 31

Describe the process of phytomining

Answer 31

• Plants are planted and the metal compound (usually in liquid form) is also put in the ground
• The plants absorb the metals in the roots
• The plants are burnt and there is pure metal in the plant ash

Question 32

What is oxidation?

Answer 32

The loss of electrons, gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen