Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
1/1835
What is the modern periodic table ordered in?
Atomic number
What are columns on the periodic table known as?
Groups
What are rows on the periodic table known as?
Periods
What is atomic mass?
The total relative mass of the nucleus of an atom
What is the nucleus of an atom?
It is in the centre of the atom and is made up of protons and neutrons. It contains most of the atom’s mass.
What does the atomic number tell you?
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons as well as the number of electrons
How are electrons arranged?
In shells that surround and orbit the nucleus.
What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms first shell?
2
What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms second shell?
8
What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms third shell?
8
What does the group number tell you about the electronic configuration of an atom?
The amount of electrons in its outer shell
What does the period number tell you about an atoms electronic configuration?
How many shells of electrons that element has
What did Dimitri Mendeleev create?
The first periodic table
How did Mendeleev order the elements?
In order of atomic mass
What side of the periodic table would you find metals?
Left
What side of the periodic table would you find non metals?
Right
Where did Mendeleev put elements with similar properties?
In the same row
Which group contains the alkali metals?
Group 1
Where are atoms with similar properties on the periodic table?
The same group
How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?
Atomic mass - number of protons/atomic number
What is the total relative charge of an atom?
0
What is the total relative charge of the nucleus of an atom?
+1
Name 3 key scientists linked with atomic structure
John Dalton, JJ Thompson, Ernest Rutherford
Give two differences between Dalton’s model of the atom and today’s model of the atom
- Dalton believed atoms couldn’t be broken up into smaller particles, now we know they’re made up of protons, neutrons and electrons
- Dalton believed all atoms in the same element were the same, now we know isotopes of the same element have different numbers of neutrons
Where is most of the mass concentrated in an atom?
The nucleus
Compare the size of the nucleus to the overall size of the atom
It is very small compared to the overall size of the atom
What did Mendeleev do with undiscovered elements in his periodic table?
He left gaps for where they would be for when they were discovered in the future
