Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is the relative charge of a proton?

A

+1

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2
Q

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

A

0

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3
Q

What is the relative charge of an electron?

A

-1

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4
Q

What is the relative mass of a proton?

A

1

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5
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

A

1

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6
Q

What is the relative mass of an electron?

A

1/1835

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7
Q

What is the modern periodic table ordered in?

A

Atomic number

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8
Q

What are columns on the periodic table known as?

A

Groups

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9
Q

What are rows on the periodic table known as?

A

Periods

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10
Q

What is atomic mass?

A

The total relative mass of the nucleus of an atom

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11
Q

What is the nucleus of an atom?

A

It is in the centre of the atom and is made up of protons and neutrons. It contains most of the atom’s mass.

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12
Q

What does the atomic number tell you?

A

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons as well as the number of electrons

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13
Q

How are electrons arranged?

A

In shells that surround and orbit the nucleus.

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14
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms first shell?

A

2

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15
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms second shell?

A

8

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16
Q

What is the maximum number of electrons in an atoms third shell?

A

8

17
Q

What does the group number tell you about the electronic configuration of an atom?

A

The amount of electrons in its outer shell

18
Q

What does the period number tell you about an atoms electronic configuration?

A

How many shells of electrons that element has

19
Q

What did Dimitri Mendeleev create?

A

The first periodic table

20
Q

How did Mendeleev order the elements?

A

In order of atomic mass

21
Q

What side of the periodic table would you find metals?

A

Left

22
Q

What side of the periodic table would you find non metals?

A

Right

23
Q

Where did Mendeleev put elements with similar properties?

A

In the same row

24
Q

Which group contains the alkali metals?

A

Group 1

25
Q

Where are atoms with similar properties on the periodic table?

A

The same group

26
Q

How do you find the number of neutrons in an atom?

A

Atomic mass - number of protons/atomic number

27
Q

What is the total relative charge of an atom?

A

0

28
Q

What is the total relative charge of the nucleus of an atom?

A

+1

29
Q

Name 3 key scientists linked with atomic structure

A

John Dalton, JJ Thompson, Ernest Rutherford

30
Q

Give two differences between Dalton’s model of the atom and today’s model of the atom

A
  • Dalton believed atoms couldn’t be broken up into smaller particles, now we know they’re made up of protons, neutrons and electrons
  • Dalton believed all atoms in the same element were the same, now we know isotopes of the same element have different numbers of neutrons
31
Q

Where is most of the mass concentrated in an atom?

A

The nucleus

32
Q

Compare the size of the nucleus to the overall size of the atom

A

It is very small compared to the overall size of the atom

33
Q

What did Mendeleev do with undiscovered elements in his periodic table?

A

He left gaps for where they would be for when they were discovered in the future