Metals Flashcards
Name 4 properties of metals
- shiny (lustrous)
- conductor of electricity
- conductor of heat
- sonorous (brings in sound)
What 2 things do electrons do in metallic bonding?
- Attract positive ions
2. Stop positive ions from repelling each other
Name the 3 reactions metals can take place in
- Metal + oxygen
- Alkali metal + water
- Metal + acid
What is the general word equation for metal + oxygen
Metal + oxygen -> metal oxide
What is the general word equation for metal + water
Metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
What is the general word equation for metal + acid
Metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
What metal is unreactive and is at the bottom of the reactivity series
Gold
Write out the whole reactivity series
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium Aluminium Zinc Iron Tin Lead
Copper
Mercury
Silver
Gold
How do you extract metals below copper in the reactivity series
Heat them up
E.g. metal oxide -> metal + oxygen
How do you extract metals below aluminium but including copper
- they dont decompose when heated
- you must mix the oxide with carbon and then heat.
- the carbon and oxygen with combine to make carbon dioxide and the metal will be left over
E.g. metal oxide + carbon -> carbon dioxide + metal
How do you extract metals above zinc (including aluminium)
We use electrolysis of the molten compound
What is an electrolyte
It is a compound, when dissolved it will conduct. All batteries contain them and they allow ions to move.
Ions flow through ______ and electricity flows through ______
Solutions, wires
What does OILRIG stand for
Oxidation is loss, Reduction is gain
Write the oxidation equation for zinc
Zn (s) -> Zn 2+ (aq) + 2e-
Learn how to draw a electrochemical cell diagram
In jotter
Answer this redox equation
Magnesium and iron
Step 1: magnesium loses (oxidation) - higher in the reactivity series
And iron gains (reduction) - lower
Step 2: write oxidation and reduction equations
Mg(s) -> Mg2+ (aq) + 2e-
Fe 2+ (Aq) + 2e- -> Fe (s)
Step 3: cancel out electrons and combine equations
Fe 2+ (aq) + Mg (s) -> Mg 2+ (aq) + Fe (s)
How can a cell be made
For any chemical reaction which involves oxidation and reduction
Draw a diagram for redox involving non-metals
In jotter
What rod do we use when we have a non-metal solution
And what is the electrode made of
Carbon
Graphite
What happens when we connect 2 different metals
We can produce a voltage
We soke our ion bridge in ____ to help the ions move
Electrolyte