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Chemistry - Nat5 > Acids And Bases > Flashcards

Acids And Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of an acid

A

A substance which produces more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

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2
Q

What is the definition of an alkaline

A

A soluble base that produces more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

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3
Q

Acidic solutions can be prepared from …

A

Non-metal oxides

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4
Q

Alkaline solutions can be prepared from …

A

Metal oxides

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5
Q

What is an example of making a acidic solution?
If you know…
Explain the experiment.

A

Burning carbon with oxygen

Burn the carbon and place in a sealed jar with oxygen. Add water and indicator, solution will turn red.

(metal oxide)

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6
Q

Name an example of how you make an alkaline solution?

A

Reacting Magnesium with oxygen. You must then dissolve it in water to create an alkaline or leave it for base.

(metal oxide)

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7
Q

What are the symbols for hydrogen and hydroxide ions

A

Hydrogen - H+

Hydroxide - OH-

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8
Q

State a real life example of a neutralisation reaction.

A

Treatment of a bee sting (methanoic acid) with baking soda (household base)

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9
Q

what are the 4 main reactions of acids and metals

A
  • acid + metal
  • acid + metal oxide
  • acid + metal carbonate
  • acid + metal hydroxide
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10
Q

Acid + metal oxide ->

A

Salt + water

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11
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide ->

A

Salt + water

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12
Q

Acid + alkali ->

A

Salt + water

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13
Q

Acid + metal carbonate ->

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

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14
Q

Acid + metal ->

A

Salt + hydrogen

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15
Q

What are the endings of the acids

A

Chloride
Sulfate
Nitrate

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16
Q

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

17
Q

What si the formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

18
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid

A

HNO3

19
Q

what type of reaction is metal oxide + acid

A
  • neutralisation

this is becasue we produce water

20
Q

what is the definition of a salt

A

hydrogen ions in the acid have been replaced by metal ion(s) or ammoniom ion

21
Q

what is the best way to make a salt

A

reacting acids with insoluble metal carbonates is the easiest way to make sure it is completly neutralised

22
Q

why is a reacting acids with metal carbonates the best way to make a salt?
(there are 4 points)

A
  • no heat involved
  • when fizzing has stopped you then know that neutralisation is complete
  • you can see left over carbonate at the bottom
  • left over can easily be filtered at the end
23
Q

is a hydroxide alkaline or acidic

A

alkaline

Chemistry - Nat5 (15 decks)

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