Fertilisers

Question 1

What are the 3 main elements plants need

Answer 1

1. Nitrogen (N)
2. Phosphorus (P)
3. Potassium (K)

Question 2

All fertilisers and nutrients must be …

Answer 2

Soluble

Question 3

How do we make ammonia in a lab - state the general equation

Answer 3

Ammonium salt + alkaline/base -> ammonia + salt + water

Question 4

Name a specific equation for making ammonia in the lab - and symbol

Answer 4

Ammonium chloride + calcium hydroxide -> ammonia + water + calcium chloride
2 NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 -> 2 NH3 + 2 H2O + CaCl2

Question 5

What colour is ammonia gas

Answer 5

Colourless

Question 6

What colour would ammonia turn pH paper

Answer 6

Blue - alkaline

Question 7

What do you make when you dissolve ammonia gas in water?

Answer 7

Ammonia hydroxide - this is because ammonia is a hydroxide gas. It would form ammonia ions and hydroxide ions

Question 8

How do you make ammonia through an industrial method? Name it and give a general word equation + symbol

Answer 8

Haber process -
Nitrogen + hydrogen ammonia
N2 (g) + H2 (g) 2 NH3 (g)

Question 9

What temperature and ATM do producers use to make ammonia through the haber process

Answer 9

450C and 200atm

Question 10

What catylist do they use with the haber process

Answer 10

Iron

Question 11

Catylists can be _____

Answer 11

Reused

Question 12

What are the 3 conditions for the haber process

Answer 12

• temperature
• pressure
• catylist

Question 13

Where do the reactants of the haber process come from

Answer 13

N - from the air

H - from the natural gas

Question 14

What is the equation for the percentage mass composition calculations

Answer 14

Mass of element in compound X100

GFM of compound

Question 15

Calaculate the percentage of nitrogen in ammonium sulphate

Answer 15

21.21%

Question 16

What is the process called when making nitric acid

Answer 16

Ostwald process

Question 17

What is step one of the Ostwald process

Answer 17

Ammonia + oxygen -> nitrogen monoxide + water (g)

Question 18

What is the second step of the Ostwald process

Answer 18

Nitrogen monoxide + oxygen -> nitrogen dioxide

Question 19

What is the 3rd stop of the Ostwald process

Answer 19

Nitrogen dioxide + water (l) + oxygen -> nitric acid

Question 20

The oxidation of ammonia is _____

Answer 20

Exothermic

Question 21

What catylist is often used in the Ostwald process

Answer 21

Platinum

Question 22

Nitric acid can be reacted with _____ to produce ________ which is very soluble and can therefore

Answer 22

Ammonia, ammonium nitrate, be used as a fertiliser

Question 23

Ammonium nitrate contains a high concentration of _____ which is essential for plant growth

Answer 23

Nitrogen