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General A&P FAA > Metallic Structures > Flashcards

Metallic Structures Flashcards

1
Q

When a piece of sheet metal is pulled from each end, the resulting force is

A

tension

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2
Q

The measure of strength of a metal to resist overall deformation

A

yield strength

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3
Q

The metal’s ability to resist being pulled apart is called it’s:

A

tensile strength

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4
Q

The ability of a metal to resist any crushing or excessive compression is called the metal’s:

A

bearing strength

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5
Q

The ability for a metal’s surface to resist cutting, abrasion or penetration is called:

A

hardness

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6
Q

The material’s ability to be bent, formed or shaped is called:

A

malleability

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7
Q

The ability of metal to be drawn into wire stock extrusions, or rods is called the metal’s:

A

ductility

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8
Q

The material’s tendency to break or shatter when exposed to shock

A

brittleness

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9
Q

The property which enables a metal to carry heat or electricity

A

conductivity

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10
Q

The property of metal to expand when heated and shrink when cooled, at a predictable and specific temperature

A

Coefficient of expansion

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11
Q

The point at which a metal does not return to it’s original shape after a deforming force is removed

A

Elastic limit

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12
Q

A material’s ability to resist tearing or breaking when it is bent or stretched

A

toughness

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13
Q

The ability of a metal to be joined by heating and melting

A

Fusibility

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14
Q

A material’s mass per unit volume

A

Density

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15
Q

Objects formed by physically working the metal into shape

A

Wrought

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16
Q

Objects formed by pouring molten metal into molds

A

Cast

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17
Q

The process of forming metal at an elevated temperature when it is in its annealed state

A

Hot-working

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18
Q

After hot-working an ingot , the process that must be undertaken to finish it and the reason why

A

Quenching , since the surface is solid but the core may still be molten

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19
Q

Cold working a metal primarily increases a meta’ls_____

A

strength

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20
Q

Cold working decreases a metal’s_____

A

ductility

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21
Q

The 4 common Non-ferrous metals used in aircraft repair

A
  1. Aluminium
  2. Titanium
  3. Magnesium
  4. Copper
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22
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 1xxx

A

Aluminium

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23
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 2xxx

A

Copper

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24
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 3xxx

A

Manganese

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25
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 4xxx

A

Silicon

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26
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 5xxx

A

Magnesium

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27
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 6xxx

A

Silicon + Magnesium

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28
Q

Aluminum Alloying Agent 7xxx

A

Zinc

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29
Q

Second digit in the 4 digit Aluminium identification code represents

A

Modification done to the metal

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30
Q

Third and fourth digits in the 4 digit Aluminium identification code represents

A

Percentage of other alloys

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31
Q

The type of aluminum that most aircraft surfaces are made from

A

Alclad

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32
Q

The composition of Alclad

A

Core is aluminium alloy, outer surface is pure aluminium

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33
Q

The thickness (in percent) of pure aluminium coating on Alclad sheet metal

A

5% the thickness of the aluminium alloy sheet

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34
Q

The technical term for Alclad

A

Clad aluminium

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35
Q

Clad aluminium is used to increase the ______ ______ of an aluminium alloy

A

corrosion resistance

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36
Q

The process of heating aluminium alloys to allow the alloying element to mix with the base metal is called

A

Solution heat treatment

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37
Q

Cooling the ingot in a bath is called

A

Quenching

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38
Q

The term for allowing the alloy to cool at room temperature

A

Natural Aging

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39
Q

The term for the Lengthening or shortening the aging time to develop hardness and strength

A

Artificial Aging

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40
Q

The term for Cracking in the metal caused by improper cooling

A

Thermal shock

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41
Q

What the process of Annealing does to a metal’s structure

A

relieves internal stress

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42
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T2

A

Annealed

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43
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T

A

Solution heat treated

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44
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T5

A

Artificial (artificailaized)

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45
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T3

A

Solution heat treated + strain hardened

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46
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T4

A

Solution heat treated + natural aging

47
Q

Heat Treatment Identification: T6

A

Solution heat treated + artificial aging

48
Q

Another term for Strain hardening

A

Another term for Cold working

49
Q

The 3 methods of strain hardening

A
  1. Rolling
  2. Drawing
  3. Pressing
50
Q

Another term for hardness

A

Another term for temper

51
Q

Basic Temper Designation: F

A

As fabricated

52
Q

Basic Temper Designation: O

53
Q

Basic Temper Designation: H

A

Strain hardened

54
Q

Basic Temper Designation: H1

A

Strain hardened only

55
Q

Basic Temper Designation: H2

A

Strain hardened + partially annealed

56
Q

Basic Temper Designation: H3

A

Strain hardened + stabilized

57
Q

Basic Temper Designation: Hx2

A

Quarter hard

58
Q

Basic Temper Designation: Hx4

59
Q

Basic Temper Designation: Hx6

A

Three quarter hard

60
Q

Basic Temper Designation: Hx8

61
Q

Basic Temper Designation: Hx9

A

Extra hard

62
Q

3Drawbacks of magnesium

A
  1. Highly susceptible to corrosion
  2. Insufficient strength
  3. Burns readily in powder form
63
Q

Another term for Precipitation heat treatment

A

Another term for artificial aging

64
Q

The proper way to extinguish a magnesium fire

A

Dry chemical, smother and remove heat from the surface

65
Q

The chemical that should never be used on a magnesium fire

66
Q

3 classifications of titanium alloys

A
  1. Alpha alloys
  2. Alpha-Beta alloys
  3. Beta alloys
67
Q

The Standard identification number for Alpha titanium

68
Q

The titanium alloy that can not be used for welding

A

Alpha-beta alloy

69
Q

The most versatile of the titanium alloys

A

Alpha-beta alloys

70
Q

The 2 alloys of nickel

A
  1. Monel

2 Inconel

71
Q

Monel can be found in which system on a piston engine

72
Q

Monel is composed ______ and ______

A
  1. Nickel

2. copper

73
Q

Inconnel is composed of _____ and _____

A
  1. Nickel

2. Chromium

74
Q

Inconnel and stainless steel are similar in appearance. The test used to differntiate between the two is to

A

Apply drop of hydro-chloric acid and cupric chloride and let it sit for 2 minutes.

Shinny spot indicates inconnel

75
Q

First digit in the 4 digit SAE Steel identification code represents

A

Principle alloying agent

76
Q

Second digit in the 4 digit SAE Steel identification code represents

A

Percentage of alloying agent

77
Q

Last two digits in the 4 digit SAE Steel identification code represent

A

Percentage of carbon added

78
Q

When carbon is mixed with iron, particular compounds are formed called (2 different names for them)

A

Cementites or carbides

79
Q

The 3 grades of steel

A
  1. Low carbon
  2. Medium carbon
  3. High carbon
80
Q

The most common SAE steel used in aviation

A

4130, Chromoly Steel

81
Q

The compound in steel that actually allows the steel to be heat treated

A

Carbides or cementites

82
Q

SAE Steel Alloying Agent 1xxx

A

Plain steel (carbon)

83
Q

SAE Steel Alloying Agent 2xxx

84
Q

SAE Steel Alloying Agent 3xxx

A

Nickel + Chromium

85
Q

SAE Steel Alloying Agent 4xxx

A

Molybdenum

86
Q

SAE Steel Alloying Agent 5xxx

87
Q

The term which means that a metal can exist in more than one kind of lattice (granular structure)

A

allotropic

88
Q

Definition of The critical temperature of a metal

A

Temperature at which it’s possible to separate the metal into two different phases (liquid and vapor)

89
Q

The process of heating steel to a temperature just below it’s critical temperature, holding it there until it is heat soaked

90
Q

Reducing the brittleness and internal stress of steel and increasing its toughness is done by

A

Steel tempering

91
Q

The 2 methods of case hardening steel

A
  1. Carburizing

2. Nitriding

92
Q

The steels that are best suited for case-hardening

A

Low carbon, low alloy

93
Q

Carburizing forms a thin layer of __________ on the exterior of ________

A

high carbon steel, low carbon steel

94
Q

The 3 methods of steel carburizing

A
  1. Pack carburizing
  2. Liquid Carburzing
  3. Gas Carburzing
95
Q

Process of pack carburizing

A

Packing coal into an enclosed case containing the low carbon steel and allowing the carbon from the coal to fuse with the external skin of the piece

96
Q

The gas used in gas carburizing of steel

A

carbon monoxide

97
Q

The liquid used in gas carburizing of steel

A

sodium cyanide

98
Q

The process of nitriding steel

A

NH3 placed into the furnace with the steel, the amonia breaks down and the nitrogen bonds to the skin of the metal

99
Q

The 3 phases of Annealing

A
  1. Recovery
  2. Re-Crystallization
  3. Grain growth
100
Q

In annealing, the re-crystallization phase

A

new grains grow to replace the deformed grains due to internal stress

101
Q

The stress in FERROUS metals caused by welding, forging or machining can be relieved by the processes of

A

Normalizing

102
Q

Normalizing is most important after _____ of metal

103
Q

The process of heating a FERROUS metal to above its critical temperature and cooling it in still air

A

Normalizing

104
Q

The catagroy of steel that cannot undergo hardening heat treatment and the reason

A

low carbon steel, lack of carbides

105
Q

The Rockwell hardness tester measures the

A

hardness by the depth of the impression on the sample piece (Well has depth to it)

106
Q

The Bernell hardness tester measures the

A

hardness via the diameter of the impression on the sample

107
Q

The 2 methods of measuring hardness for steel

A
  1. Brinell test

2. Rockwell test

108
Q

The 3 classes of stainless steel:

A
  1. Austenistic
  2. Ferritic
  3. Martensitic
109
Q

18-8 steel is also known as ________ and is made of %___ and %_____

A

CRES, 18% chromium, 8% nickel

110
Q

Repair of a puncture of aluminum faced honeycomb is repaired with

A

Doubler plate

111
Q

Where constantan is used and what it is

A

Used for thermocouples in CHT indicating system, Nickel alloy

112
Q

Definition of Strain hardening

A

Heat metal at a low temperature after cold working it to increase its strength

113
Q

After a piece of aluminium has been solution heat-treated, it is held at a specified temperature for a period of time. This is termed

A

Precipitation heat treatment

General A&P FAA (26 decks)

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