Metabolism Review Slides: Lipid Metabolism

Question 1

In a fed state, insulin stimulates what precursor to be converted to fatty acyl-CoAs?

Answer 1

acetyl coA

Insulin stimulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase to convert Acetyl CoA to Fatty acyl-CoA

Question 2

In a fasting state, what stimulates the conversion of fatty acyl CoA to acetyl CoA?

Answer 2

Epinephrine.

Epinephrine stimulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase I to convert fatty acyl CoA back to Acetyl CoA, which can the be converted back to ketone bodies for use when glucose is low

Question 3

Which is the rate limited enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis?

Answer 3

Acetyl CoA Carboxylase: catalyzes the formation of malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA

Question 4

What is the required cofactor for acetyl CoA Carboxylase?

Answer 4

biotin: it serves as a carrier for activated CO2

Question 5

What two factors stimulate acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Answer 5

Citrate and insulin

Question 6

What three factors inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase?

Answer 6

Palmitoyl CoA, glucagon and epinephrine