Metabolism, Energy & Enzymes

Question 1

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 2

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energ

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a cell

Question 4

Reactants

Answer 4

Substances that participate or begin a reaction

Question 5

Products

Answer 5

Substances that form as a result of a reaction

Question 6

Free energy

Answer 6

Amount of energy left to do work after a chemical reaction has occurred

Question 7

Exergonic reactions

Answer 7

Spontaneous and release energy

Question 8

Endergonic reactions

Answer 8

Require an input of energy to happen

Question 9

ATP

Answer 9

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate is a common energy “currency”

Question 10

ADP

Answer 10

Adenosine Di-Phosphate

Question 11

Enzyme

Answer 11

Protein molecule that speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 12

Ribozymes

Answer 12

Made up of RNA instead of proteins; can also speed up a chemical reaction

Question 13

Metabolic pathway

Answer 13

A series of linked reactions

Question 14

Substrate

Answer 14

The reactants in an enzymatic reaction

Question 15

Active site

Answer 15

Part of the enzyme that associates directly with the substrate

Question 16

Induced fit model

Answer 16

When an enzyme is induced to make the active site fit the substrate

Question 17

Activation energy

Answer 17

The energy that must be added to cause molecules to react with each other

Question 18

Denaturation

Answer 18

Prevents an enzyme from binding to its substrate efficiently, thus decreasing the rate of a reaction

Question 19

Cofactors

Answer 19

Necessary inorganic molecule required at the active site in order to work correctly

Question 20

Coenzyme

Answer 20

Necessary organic molecule required at the active site in order to work correctly

Question 21

Enzyme inhibition

Answer 21

Happens when a molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity

Question 22

Redox-Reaction: OIL RIG

Answer 22

Oxidation is loss, Reduction is gain