Metabolism Flashcards
Glycolysis occurs in the _______.
Cytoplasm.
The production of large molecules from smaller molecules is called _________.
Anabolism.
Pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA in the presence of ________.
Oxygen.
The production of new glucose molecules from scratch is called _________.
Gluconeogenesis.
Glucose can be stored in liver and muscle cells as ________.
Glycogen.
ATP Synthase is powered by the _________ gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Hydrogen ion.
The end products of glucose catabolism are ATP, H2O, heat, and ________.
CO2.
Glycolysis produces a net total of _____ ATP molecules.
2 (produces 4 and consumes 2).
Amino acids can be ________ to produce ATP.
Deaminated.
Excess energy can be stored as _________ for efficient storage.
Triglycerides.
Amino acids are the building blocks of ________ and serve as precursors for hormones and neurotransmitters.
Proteins.
Insulin is a ________ hormone.
Anabolic.
Glucagon is a ________ hormone.
Catabolic.
Glyogenolysis and gluconeogenesis are stimulated by ________.
Glucagon.
The breakdown of fatty acids for energy is called __________.
Beta oxidation.
Exergonic reactions release while _______ reactions use energy.
Endergonic.
When oxygen is scarce, pyruvate is reduced to _________.
Lactic acid.
The electron transport chain consists of _______ complexes plus ATP Synthase.
4.
NADH delivers hydrogen atoms with their high energy electrons to ________.
Cytochrome complex I.
FADH delivers hydrogen atoms with their high energy electrons to _______.
Cytochrome complex II.
The Kreb cycle takes place in the ________ of the mitochondria.
Matrix.
________ transporters are insulin dependent.
GLUT4.
O2 serves as an electron ________.
Acceptor.
One molecule of glucose can generate approx _______ molecules of ATP.
30-32.
