METABOLIC Flashcards
What are the long term complications of subclinical hyperthyroidism?
AF
Osteoporosis
Dementia ?
When are platelet transfusions indicated?
When platelet count <30x10^9 and clinically significant bleeding
What are adverse effects of thiazolidinediones e.g. glitazones)
Weight gain
Liver impairment
Fluid retention (CI in HF)
Increased risk of fractures
Increased risk of bladder cancer
When can aspirin be continued in AKI?
When its at a cardioprotective dose of 75mg as this will not negatively impact renal function
What are the key drugs to stop in AKI?
CANADA
Contract media
ACEi
NSAIDS
Amingolycosides
Diuretics
ARBs
What value of fasting glucose is impaired fasting glucose?
6.1-6.9
What value of fasting glucose is impaired glucose tolerance?
<7.9mmol/l and OGTT 2 hour value 7.8-11.1
Diagnostic criteria for DM type 2?
If the patient is symptomatic:
fasting glucose>=7.0 mmol/l
random glucose>=11.1 mmol/l (or after 75g oral glucose tolerance test)
If the patient is asymptomatic the above criteria apply but must be demonstrated on two separate occasions.
If HbA1c >=48mmol/mol
Thyroid function test results in sick euthyroid syndrome?
Decreased serum T3 levels
Possibly low T4 levels
Normal or occasionally reduced TSh levels
Triad for HUS?
AKI
Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
What is typical HUS?
When HUS is secondary to shiga toxin-producing E.Coli 0157:H7
Can also be caused by pneumococcal infection or HIV
Prognosis of minimal change disease?
1/3 have just one episode
1/3 have infrequent relapses
1/3 have frequent relapses which stop before adulthood
What does an isolated rise in GGT with macrocytic anaemia suggest?
Alcoholism
Acute haemolytic transfusion reaction symptoms
Shortly after blood transfusion (mins-hours)…
Fever
Abdominal pain
Hypotension
Blood gas findings in renal tubular acidosis?
Hypercloraemia metabolic acidosis (normal anion gap)
