DERMATOLOGY Flashcards
What are the common complications of seborrheoci dermatitis?
Otitis externa and blepharitis
Referral criteria to dermatology for acne?
Acne conglobate
Nodulo-cystic acne
Mild-mod acne not responded to 2 completed courses of Tx
Mod-sev acne not responded to a Tx including an oral antibiotic
Acne with scarring
Acne with persisting pigmentary changes
Acne causing persistent psychological distress
Which bacteria contributes to the development of acne?
Propionibacterium acnes
What drugs exacerbate psoriasis?
BB
Lithium
Antimalarials
NSAIDs
ACEi
Infliximab
Withdrawal of systemic steroids
What is hidradenitis suppurativa?
A chronic painful inflammatory skin disorder
Characterised by the development of inflammatory nodules, pustules, sinus tracts, and scars in intertriginous areas
Suspect in pts with recurrent furuncles or boils
Whats the most common site for hidradenitis suppurativa?
The armpit
Which drugs can cause erythema multiforme?
Penicillin
Sulphanoamides
Carbamazepine
Allopurinol
NSAIDs
COCP
Nevirapine
How long does it take the rash from pityriasis rosea to resolve?
6-12 weeks
Features of SCC?
typically on sun-exposed sites such as the head and neck or dorsum of the hands and arms
rapidly expanding painless, ulcerate nodules
may have a cauliflower-like appearance
there may be areas of bleeding
What virus causes molluscum contagious?
Pox virus
Does bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris cause mucosal involvement?
Pemphigus vulgaris
What is pyoderma gangrenosum?
A rare, non-infectious inflammatory skin condition that cause very painful skin ulceration, usually on the legs
Causes of pyoderma gangrenosum?
Idiopathic 50%
IBD
RA, SLE
Haematological - lymphoma, myeloid leukaemias, myeloproliferative disorders etc
GPA
PBC
How does pyoderma gangrenosum present?
Sudden small red bump -> skin breaks down revealing a deep, necrotic, painful ulcer with purple edges
Bleeds easily if touched
May also cause fever and myalgia
What is this?
Pyoderma gangrenosum
What is hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia also known as?
Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
What are the 4 main diagnostic criteria for hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia?
Spontaneous, recurrent epistaxis
Telangiectasia at multiple sites - lips, oral cavity, fingers, nose
Visceral lesions: GI telangiectasia, hepatic AVM< cerebral AVM etc
First degree FHx of HHT
Most likely dermatological cancer when on immunosuppressives e.g. following renal transplantation?
SCC
What causes vitiligo?
Autoimmune condition causing loss of melanocytes and consequent depigmenattion of the skin
What conditions is vitiligo associated with?
Any autoimmune e..g T1DM, addisons, autoimmune thyroid, pernicious anaemia, Alopecia areata
Age of onset typical for vitiligo?
20-30
Features of vitiligo?
Well-demarcated patches of depigmented skin with peripheries affects the most
Koebner phenomenon may occur
Which ethnicity is SLE most common in?
Afro-Caribbean
Does SLE rash spare or affect the nasolabial folds?
Spares
Tinea capitis (scalp ringworm)
Tinea corporis
Tinea corporis
How do port wine stains change over time?
They darken and become more raised over time
They do NOT spontaneously resolve
Guttate psoriasis
What precipitates Guttate psoriasis?
Strep infection 2-4 weeks before
Features of Guttate psoriasis?
Tear-drop scaly papules on trunk and limbs
What % of pts with psoriatic arthritis have nail changes?
80-90%
Nail changes seen in psoriasis?
Pitting
Onycholysis (separation of nail from nail bed)
Subungal kyperkeratosis
Loss of nail
How can spider naevi be differentiated from telangiectasia?
Press on them and watch them fill:
Spider naevi fill from the centre, telangiectasia from the edge .
What are spider naevi associated with?
Normal physiology
Liver disease
Pregnancy
COCP
What is erythema multiforme major?
A more severe form of erythema multiforme which is associated with mucosal involvement
Causes target lesions
Most common cause of erythema multiforme?
HSV
Burns rule of 9s
SCC
SCC
SCC
SCC
SCC
BCC
BCC
BCC
On arm, legs, back and chest
Recent change in size, shape and colour
Superficial spreading melanoma
On arm, legs, back and chest
Recent change in size, shape and colour
Superficial spreading melanoma
On sun exposed skin
Red or black lump which bleeds or oozes
Nodular melanoma
On sun exposed skin
Red or black lump which bleeds or oozes
Nodular melanoma
On chronically sun-exposed skin in older people
Lentigo maligna melanoma
On nails, palms or soles
Typically in people with darker skin pigmentation
Acral lentiginous melanoma
On nails, palms or soles
Typically in people with darker skin pigmentation
Acral lengtiginous melanoma
