met acidosis - anion gap

Question 1

how is anion gap calculated

Answer 1

(Na + K) - (Cl + HCO)

Question 2

normal anion range

Answer 2

10-18mmol/l

Question 3

what type of acidosis is normal anion gap

Answer 3

hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis

Question 4

type of metabolic acidosis: GI bicarb loss e.g. diarrhoea

Answer 4

normal anion gap

Question 5

type of metabolic acidosis: renal tubular acidosis

Answer 5

normal anion gap

Question 6

type of metabolic acidosis: ammonium chloride injection

Answer 6

normal anion gap

Question 7

type of metabolic acidosis: addison’s disease

Answer 7

normal anion gap

Question 8

type of metabolic acidosis: lactate e..g shock, sepsis, hypoxia

Answer 8

raised anion gap

Question 9

type of metabolic acidosis: DKA

Answer 9

raised anion gap

Question 10

type of metabolic acidosis: alcohol

Answer 10

raised anion gap

Question 11

type of metabolic acidosis: urate - renal failure

Answer 11

raised anion gap

Question 12

type of metabolic acidosis: acid poisoning e.g. salicylates, methanol

Answer 12

raised anion gap

Question 13

base excess < -2mmol/l

Answer 13

suggests metabolic acidosis

or renal compensation ofr resp alkalosis

Question 14

base excess > +2mmol/L

Answer 14

suggests metabolic alkalosis

or renal compensation for resp acidosis