glomerulonephritis

Question 1

nephritis

Answer 1

generic term meaning inflammation of the kidneys

not a diagnosis

Question 2

nephritic syndrome features

Answer 2

haematuria (micro or macro)
oliguria
fluid retention

Question 3

nephrotic syndrome features

Answer 3

peripheral oedema
proteinuria > 3g/24hrs
serum albumin <25g/L
hypercholesterolemia

Question 4

glomerulonephritis

Answer 4

umbrella term applied to conditions that cause inflammation around glomerulus and nephron

Question 5

glomerulosclerosis

Answer 5

pathological scarring of glomerular tissue

can be caused by any type of glomerulonephtoris or obstructive uropathy or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Question 6

examples of glomerulonephritis

Answer 6

• minimal change disease
• focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
• membranous glomerulonephritis
• IgA nephropathy
• post-strep glomerulonephritis

Question 7

most types of glomerulonephritis are treated with

Answer 7

immunosuppresion e.g. steroids

blood pressure control by blocking renin-angiotensin system e.g. ACEI or ARDs

Question 8

most common cause of nephrotic syndrome kids

Answer 8

minimal change disease

Question 9

how is minimal change disease managed

Answer 9

steroids

Question 10

nephrotic syndrome predisposes patients to

Answer 10

thrombosis
htn
high cholesterol

Question 11

most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults

Answer 11

focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Question 12

IgA nephropathy

Answer 12

people in 20s

most common cause primary glomerulonphritis

Question 13

IgA nephropathy historlogy

Answer 13

IgA deposits and glomerular mesangial proliferation

Question 14

most common type of glomuerulonephritis

Answer 14

membranous glomerulonephritis

Question 15

membranous glomerulonephritis most common ages

Answer 15

bimodal peak - 20s and 60s

Question 16

membranous glomerulonephritis histology

Answer 16

IgG and complement deposits on basement membrane

Question 17

membranous glomerulonephritis causes

Answer 17

mostly idiopathic (70%)
malignancy
rheumatic disorders
drugs e.g. NSAIDs

Question 18

post-strep glomerulonephritis - usual age

Answer 18

patients <30yrs

Question 19

post-strep glomerulonephritis presentation

Answer 19

1-3wks after strep infection e.g. tonsilitis, impetigo
nephritic syndrome

usually full recovery

Question 20

Good-pasture syndrome

Answer 20

anti-GBM antibodies attack glomerulus and pulmonary basement membranes –> glomerulonephritis and pulmonary heamorrhage

Question 21

good-pasture syndrome presentatin

Answer 21

AKI

haemoptysis

Question 22

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Answer 22

presents with very acute illness with sick patients but responds well to Rx

often 2ry to goodpasture syndrome

Question 23

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis histology

Answer 23

crescentic glomerulonephritis

Question 24

membranous nephropathy is commonly assoc with

Answer 24

malignancy