MESS Anatomy: MET Flashcards
soft palate is innervated by which nerve? [1]
what happens to soft palate when swallowing? [1]
soft palate is innervated by vagus nerve !
what happens to soft palate when swallowing? [1]
elevates to during swallowing to prevent food from entering nasal cavity
which salivary gland has ducts that open either side of the frenelum? [1]
which salivary gland has ducts that open either side of the frenelum? [1]
submandibular !
which salivary gland has ducts opening along the plica subligualise? [1]
which salivary gland has ducts opening along the plica subligualise? [1]
sublingual
Parotid gland is innervated by which nerve? [1]
submandibular and sublingual nerves are innervated by which nerve? [1]
Parotid: Glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX (via auriculotemporal nerve (V3))
Submandibular and sublingual: Facial nerve CN VII (chorda tympani branch which travels in lingual nerve (V3))
what divdes the anterior and posterior portion of the tongue? [1]
what is found at the point of ^ V shape? [1]
what divdes the anterior and posterior portion of the tongue? [1]
sulcus terminalis
what is found at the point of ^ V shape? [1]
foramen cecum
4 intrinsic tongue muscles? [4[
innervated by? [1]
Superior longitudinal
Inferior longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical
Innervation = hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
which muscles of mastication help to close the mouth? [3]
which muscles of mastication help to open the mouth?[1]
which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication? [1]
which muscles of mastication help to close the mouth? [3]
- Temporalis
- Masseter
- Medial pterygoid
which muscles of mastication help to close the mouth?[1]
- lateral pterygoid
which nerve innervates the muscles of mastication? [1]
what is the function of the buccinator? [1]
Function = pulls back the angle of the mouth and to flatten the cheek area
This is important in chewing as it keeps the food in the correct position in the mouth BUT it is not a muscle of mastication
what are the 5 branches of the facial nerve? [5]
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
Two Zulus Bit My Cat
which nerve innervates sensation to the face?
a) trigeminal nerve
b) facial nerve
c) glossopharnyngeal
d) vagus nerve
e) hypoglossal
what are the three sensory portions? [3]
which nerve innervates sensation to the face?
- *a) trigeminal nerve**
b) facial nerve
c) glossopharnyngeal
d) vagus nerve
e) hypoglossal
V1: opthamalic
V2:maxilary
V3: mandibular
which nerves innervate the following parts of the pharnyx?
which muscle acts as the upper oesophogeal sphincter (OUS)? [1]
what is the innervation like for this muscle? [1]
which muscle acts as the upper oesophogeal sphincter (OUS)? [1]
cricopharngeaus
what is the innervation like for this muscle? [1]
vagus nerve
* which muscle of the pharynx elevates the pharnyx during swallowing? *
which nerve innervates this muscle?
* which muscle of the pharynx elevates the pharnyx during swallowing? *
stylopharyngeus
which nerve innervates this muscle?
glossopharyngeus
Gag reflex:
sensory innervation: ?
motor innervation?
Gag reflex:
sensory innervation: CN IX
motor innervation: CN X
which of the following is not a suprahyoid muscle?
Stylohyoid
Digastric
Sternohyoid
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
which of the following is not a suprahyoid muscle?
Stylohyoid
Digastric
Sternohyoid
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
which of the following is not an infrahyoid muscle?
Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
which of the following is not an infrahyoid muscle?
Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
the mesentary connects which two structures? [2]
the mesentary connects which two structures? [2]
small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
the greater omentum connects which two structures? [2]
the greater omentum connects which two structures? [2]
stomach (greater curvature) to transverse colon !!
the lesser omentum connects which two structures? [2]
the lesser omentum connects which two structures? [2]
liver -> stomach
what is the sphincter of oddi / what is its role?
The sphincter of Oddi refers to the smooth muscle that surrounds the end portion of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. This muscle relaxes during a meal to allow bile and pancreatic juice to flow into the intestine.
the ileum ends at which exact point? [1]
the ileum ends at the ilio-caecal junction in the right iliac fossa [1]
whats this?
ligamentum teres
what thoracic level are of the following?
a) coeliac trunk
b) SMA
c) IMA
d) aortic bifurcation
what thoracic level are of the following?
- *a) coeliac trunk: L12
b) SMA: L1
c) IMA: L3
d) aortic bifurcation : L4**
what level are the renal arteries at?
L1/2
Three main branches of the coeliac trunk?
Left gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic
f
which two arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach & what is their orgins? [2]
which two arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach & what is their orgins? [2]
which artery supplies the fundus & origin?
which two arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach & what is their orgins? [2]
Right gastric (from common hepatic)
Left gastric (from coeliac trunk)
which two arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach & what is their orgins? [2]
Right gastroepiploic (from gastroduodenal)
Left gastroepiploic (from splenic)
which artery supplies the fundus & origin?
short gastric arteries (from splenic)
describe the path of the spermatic cord from start -> scrotum [4]
starts at:
-deep inguinal ring -> inguinal canal –> superficial inguinal ring –> scrotum
where is the cremaster muscle? [1]
what is its function? [2]
location: thin layer of striated muscle found in the inguinal canal and scrotum between the external and internal layers of spermatic fascia, surrounding the testis and spermatic cord.
function: regulate the temperature of the testis and to protect it from extrinsic trauma.
what is this muscle?
cremaster muscle
what are the layers of the spermatic cord? [3] where do each layer originate from [3]
superficial –> deep:
external spermatic fascia (from transveralis fascia)
cremaster muscle (from internal oblique)
external spermatic fascia (from external oblique)
what is the difference betwenen a direct and indirect hernia? [2]
what is the difference betwenen a direct and indirect hernia? [2]
The difference is in the anatomical location:
Direct hernias protrude through the posterior (back) wall of the inguinal canal.
Indirect hernias protrude through the inguinal ring
direct hernias pass directly through which structure? [1]
direct hernias pass directly through: hasslebachs triangle
