Mental Imagery

Question 1

Mental Imagery is our ability to create a ______ in the ______ of an actual ______

Answer 1

sensory experience, absence, stimulus

Question 2

Mental imagery engages _______, _________, ________, and _________ to construct the experience

Answer 2

perception, attention, STM, LTM

Question 3

Huge individual differences in ….

Answer 3

mental imagery ability

Question 4

Propositional Representation uses _______ or ______

Answer 4

abstract symbols, factual knowledge

Question 5

Depictive Representation is information represented as a ______ that can be _______

Answer 5

picture, scanned

Question 6

Which representation we use depends on ….

Answer 6

what we are trying to do

Question 7

Using maps often involves a _______ to reason about ______.

Answer 7

depictive representation, spatial relationships

Question 8

Shepard & Metzler experiment prediction, If the objects were represented using a ________, then __________ should produce longer __________.

Answer 8

depictive code, larger angular separations, reaction times

Question 9

Shepard & Metzler experiment results, reaction times _______ with the _________ between the objects

Answer 9

increased, angular separation

Question 10

In the Shepard & Metzler experiment Subjects were solving this task by ______ rotating one object until it ______ the other

Answer 10

mentally, matched

Question 11

the speed of the mental rotation operation is about …

Answer 11

40 degrees per second

Question 12

These mental images can be about _________ events or complete ________.

Answer 12

remembered, fabrications

Question 13

Shepard & Metzler Showed subjects _______ objects and asked them if they were the _______.

Answer 13

pairs of block, same or different

Question 14

Kosslyn had subjects study a ________, then to form a _________ of it and “look” at a _______. Subjects then answered a question about another object either _____ or ______ from their _________.

Answer 14

picture, mental image, particular part, near, far , starting point

Question 15

Kosslyn experiment prediction: If imagery is _______ like ______ then reaction times should be ______ to questions about _____ things due to subjects having to ______ over a greater _______.

Answer 15

spatial, perception, longer, far, scan, distance

Question 16

Kosslyn experiment results: Subjects took ________ to respond to _____ objects than to ______ objects.

Answer 16

longer, far, near

Question 17

According to the Kosslyn experiment, a mental image is ______. We “scan” a _______ just like we would scan an ______.

Answer 17

spatial, mental image, actual
picture

Question 18

It takes slightly _______ to move our ______ eyes to more _______ things, just as it would our ______ eyes.

Answer 18

longer, inner, distant, actual

Question 19

According to Pylyshyn,
Subjects may be using their ________ of how _______ work to _________ their behavior during a ________.

Answer 19

tacit knowledge, physical systems, implicitly guide, mental imagery task

Question 20

Subjects know that it should take ______ to scan between two objects as their distance ________, they were ________ making their behavior ______ to this relationship

Answer 20

longer, increases, unconsciously, conform

Question 21

Finke & Pinker experiment, subjects would see a display of _________, followed by an _______. Their task was to indicate whether the ______ pointed to one of the ______

Answer 21

dots, arrow, arrow, dots

Question 22

Finke & Pinker results, the ______ that subjects took to make their judgment ________ with the _______ between the ______ and a ______.

Answer 22

time, increased, distance, arrow tip, dot

Question 23

Finke & Pinker concludes that subjects formed a _________ of the _________, then scanned from the ______ to see if it hit a ______

Answer 23

mental image, dot display, arrow, dot

Question 24

Finke & Pinker experiment Argued against __________ because subjects had no reason to believe that ______ was ______ to the task.

Answer 24

tacit knowledge, distance, relevant

Question 25

LeBihan experiment, Subjects were either ______ an object or asked to ______ and object. ________ was used to measure brain ________ in the _________ under each condition

Answer 25

shown, imagine, fMRI, activation, visual cortex

Question 26

LeBihan experiment results, visual cortex activates when ……

Answer 26

seeing or just imagining an object

Question 27

Bisiach & Luzzatti experiment had subjects with ________ imagine standing at a certain location in a famous piazza, and to _______ the buildings that they ________

Answer 27

visual neglect, describe, “saw”

Question 28

LeBihan experiment conclusion, imagery ________ the same brain areas used in _______; not what you would expect from a _______.

Answer 28

activates, perception, propositional code

Question 29

People with visual neglect ignore or neglect visual information that appears in their _______ due to _______ to their _______.

Answer 29

left visual field, injury, right parietal cortex

Question 30

Bisiach & Luzzatti experiment results, Subjects only described the buildings that would have appeared in their _______.

Answer 30

right visual field

Question 31

When asked to imagine viewing the object from the ________, they described the buildings that they had previously _______.

Answer 31

opposite direction, ignored

Question 32

Dual Code Theory is how some words in a memory experiment can just be coded _______ others can be coded both ______ and ______ codes

Answer 32

propositionally, propositional, pictorial

Question 33

Reality Monitoring is a technique for ______ memories for _______ from memories of ______

Answer 33

dissociating, real events, imagined events

Question 34

Johnson experiment had two groups of subjects, ______ and _______. Task was to_______ these items, but they were also asked to create a _______ when seeing just the word. They were then given a ______ and asked to estimate how ______ they had ______ the pictures

Answer 34

“good imagers”, “bad imagers”, remember, mental image, surprise test, often, seen

Question 35

Johnson experiment prediction, good imagers would find it ______ to give an _______ estimate of pictures because they would get ______ as to whether they had ______ an object or ______.

Answer 35

harder, accurate, confused, seen, imagined it

Question 36

Johnson experiment results, Good imagers were more likely to _______ how often they had _______ pictures compared to the _______

Answer 36

overestimate, seen, poor imagers