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N201 > Mental Health Depression > Flashcards

Mental Health Depression Flashcards

1
Q

Reduction in or lack of energy.

A

Anergia

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2
Q

inability to find meaning or pleasure in existence.

A

Anhedonia

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3
Q

classification of more recently released antidepressants affecting a variety of neurotransmitters

A

Atypical antidepressants

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4
Q

mild to mod mood disturbance characterized by chronic depression syndrome that is usually present for 2+y

A

Dysthymic disorder:

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5
Q

Tx for depression

–>grand mal seizure induced by an electrical current through electrodes placed on temples.

A

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

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6
Q

Admin muscle relaxant during ECT–>

A

minimize seizure activity & prevents damage to long bones and cervical vertebrae.

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7
Q

ECT

A

Electroconvulsive therapy

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8
Q

Increased T in sleep
Not restful/ refreshing
Possibly to escape painful stimuli

A

Hypersomnia

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9
Q

Inability to fall/ stay asleep or both; early morning awakening common

A

Insomnia

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10
Q

classification of antidepressants –>inhibit monoamine oxidase, enzyme that breaks down amines (serotonin and norepinephrine) Necessitates tryamine-free diet

A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

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11
Q

A pervasive and sustained emotion that, when extreme, can markedly color the way the individual perceives the world.

A

Mood

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12
Q

Pt constantly paces, bite their nails, smokes, tap fingers/ engages in some other tension-relieving activity.

A

Psychomotor agitation:

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13
Q

Slowed mvmnts
Difficult to complete
Inactivity and incontinence.

A

Psychomotor retardation

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14
Q

First-line antidepressants

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

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15
Q

block reuptake serotonin–> serotonin acts for an extended period @ synaptic binding sites

A

(SSRIs)

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16
Q

inhibit the reuptake of NE & Serotonin by presynaptic neurons, increasing Time NE & serotonin are available to the postsynaptic receptors.

A

Tricyclic antidepressants

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17
Q

Bipolar disorder
1+ episode of Mana
alt w/ maj depression

A

Bipolar 1

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18
Q

hypomanic episodes

alt w/ major depression.

A

Bipolar 2

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19
Q

meaningless rhyming of words, often in a forceful manner

A

Clang associations

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20
Q

Mood swing that alt btwn hypomania & depression (NOT major depression)

A

Cyclothymia

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21
Q

continuous flow of speech in which the person jumps rapidly topic to topic

A

Flight of ideas:

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22
Q

Common themes of flight of ideas

A

grandiose/ fantasized evaluation of personal sexual prowess, business ability, artistic talents, and so forth.

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23
Q
  • mild form of mania, marked by elation and hyperactivity

- NO significant impairment to work, family, or social life

A

Hypomanic:

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24
Q

Exaggerated belief in or claims about one’s importance or identity.

A

Grandiosity

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25
Q
  • anti manic drug

- stabilize the manic phase

A

Lithium carbonate

-can modify future manic episodes & protect against future depressive episodes

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26
Q

unstable elevated mood in which delusion, poor judgment, and signs of impaired reality testing are evident.

A

Mania

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27
Q

Rapid cycling

A

4+ mood episodes in a 12-mo

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28
Q

Acute, often painful, sustained contraction of muscles

A

Acute Dystonia

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29
Q

Acute Dystonia usually effects

A

the head and neck

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30
Q

Acute Dystonia typically occurs

A

2-5 d after the introduction of certain antipsychotic medications.

31
Q

outward manifestation of a person’s feelings and emotions

32
Q

Schizophrenia Affect

A

May be flat, blunted, inappropriate or bizarre affect.

33
Q

which ideas shift from one subject to another in an oblique or unrelated manner

A

Associative looseness

disturbance of thinking

34
Q

aka 2nd generation antipsychotics

A

Atypical antipsychotics:

35
Q
  • classification of antipsychotic med which commonly interact w/ serotonin & dompanine receptors.
  • low profile for extrapyramidal side effects.
A

Atypical antipsychotics:

36
Q

first line of Tx for psychosis

A

Atypical antipsychotics:

37
Q

“Voices,” that directs the person to take action.

A

Command hallucinations

38
Q

work by D2 receptor antagonism
SE include extrapyramidal s/s
Effective for + s/s NOT -

A

Conventional antipsychotics

39
Q

false belief held to be true even w/ evidence to the contrary

A

Delusions:

40
Q

Repeating of the last words spoken by another; mimicry or imitation of the speech of another person.

A

Echolalia:

41
Q

Imitations of anthers movements

A

Echopraxia:

42
Q

SE of certain psychotic drugs

particularly the phenothiazines

A

EPS-Extrapyramidal side effects

43
Q

3 reversible extrapyramidal SE

A

acute dystonia
akathisia
pseudoparkinsonism

44
Q

Most serious & not reversible extrapyramidal side effects

A

tardive dyskinesia

45
Q

sense perception for which no external stimulus exists

A

Hallucinations

46
Q

error in the perception of a sensory stimulus

47
Q

absence of something that should be present

A

Negative symptoms

48
Q

Made up word
meaning only to pt
often part of a delusional system.

A

Neologisms:

49
Q

rare and sometimes fatal reaction to high-potency neuroleptic drugs

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

50
Q

S/S Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS):

A

muscle rigidity, fever, and elevated WBC

51
Q

presence of something that is not normally present

A

Positive symptoms

52
Q

medication-induced temporary constellation of symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease.

A

Pseudoparkinsonism

53
Q

serious & irreversible SE of the phenothiazines & related drugs; consists of involuntary tonic muscle spasms typically involving the tongue, fingers, toes, neck, or pelvis.

A

Tardive dyskinesia (TD or TDK):

54
Q

Most disabling of mental disorders

A

Schizophrenia

55
Q

came up with the term schizophrenia (= “split mind”) in 1911
NOT Split personality

A

Eugene Bleuler

56
Q

Age of Onset Schizophrenia

A

almost always late adolescence or early adulthood

57
Q

Role of stress-Schizophrenia

A

Onset/ relapse almost always r/t stress

58
Q

More common in men

A

Schizophrenia

59
Q

Nongenetic factors of Schizophrenia

A

Alter the structures of the brain–>

Affect the brain’s neurotransmitter system

60
Q

% increase in dopamine receptors (Postmortem) Schizophrenia

61
Q

Amphetamines, cocaine, Ritalin, and levodopa

A

increase levels of dopamine –>

exacerbation of s/s of Schizophrenia

62
Q

MRI –> Ventricular enlargement

A

Schizophrenia

63
Q

MRI Schizophrenia

A

Ventricular enlargement
Slightly sm. prefrontal cortex, temporal cortex, hippocampus
Larger right hemisphere
Decreased activity of L Hem

64
Q

Phases of Schizophrenia

A

Premorbid Phase
Prodromal Phase
Acute Phase
Residual/ Maintenance Phase

65
Q

Negative S/S Schizophrenia

Structural changes

A

Decreased cerebral blood flow & brain wt

Increased ventricular:brain

66
Q

Negative S/S Schizophrenia

Affective

A

Inappropriate
Bland/ Flat
Apathy

67
Q

Negative S/S Schizophrenia

Behavior

A

Anergia
Waxy Flexibility
Posturing
Pacing and Rocking

68
Q

Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia

Sense of Self

A

Weak Ego Boundaries
Echolalia
Echopraxia

69
Q

Neurocognitive Disorders

A

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
Delirium
Dementia

70
Q

1* Symptom of MCI

A

Memory impairment

71
Q

Affected by Major Depression

A 
Caucasian & Hispanic Females 35-44, & 65+ yo
AA Men (15-24yo)
72
Q

Core Symptoms of Depression

A 
Sadness
Despair
Emptiness
Anhedonia
Low self-esteem
Apathy
low motivation
Social withdrawal
Excessive emo sensitivity
Irritability
SI
73
Q

DSM-5 Major Depression

A

5 S/S 2+1

Must include depressed mood or anhedonia

74
Q

Typical onset of Acute Dystonia

A

2-5 d after the introduction of certain antipsychotic medications.

N201 (21 decks)

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