mental health Flashcards
Tricyclic Antidepressants
used for phantom limb pain, peripheral neuropathy, migraine headaches, radiation-induced nerve injury, or tumor-associated nerve damage.
Typically prescribed by pediatric specialists and not primary care providers.
Contraindicated in patients with cardiac conduction disturbances, and the dosage for TCAs is lower than the dosage prescribed in the treatment of depression.
Significant adverse effects, including sedation, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, constipation, and urinary hesitancy, and the serious problems associated with their use due to their heightened potential for toxicity in this population, patients treated with TCAs require close monitoring and follow-up.
Bulimia diagnostic criteria
Diagnostic criteria for bulimia are:
Consuming large quantities of food over short periods of time (<2 hours)
Losing control during binge episodes (cannot control the amount of food they eat or are shocked at amount consumed)
Engaging in repeated behaviors to lose weight (purging, excessive exercise, fasting)
Bingeing or purging behaviors that occur at least once a week for at least 3 months
Anorexia diagnostic criteria
Diagnostic criteria for anorexia are:
Refusal to maintain body weight at least 85% expected for age and height, or failure to gain weight during growth periods so that weight drops below 85% expected for age and height
Intense fear of weight gain and “being fat”
Body dysmorphism
Binge eating/purging subtype associated with frequent purging, although bingeing episodes are rare
Ninety percent of children who experience school refusal (phobia) have:
a psychiatric disorder
Common pediatric drugs for anxiety/depression
Fluoxetine is FDA approved for children ages 8 and older who have anxiety, MDD, OCD, and selective mutism. Escitalopram is approved for children ages 7 and older with depression and/or anxiety. Sertraline is approved for children ages 6 and older who have MDD and/or OCD.
DO NOT USE PAXIL
Drug of choice for Autism with irratabiity, physical aggression, tantrums
Atypical antipsychotics, such as risperidone or aripiprazole, are FDA approved for irritability, aggression, and/or tantrums (explosive behaviors), but are not routinely recommended.
what does luvox or zoloft treat
SSRIs.fluvoxamine (FDA approved for 8+) and sertraline (FDA approved for 6+) treat only OCD and MDD.
what does prozac treat
Fluoxetine is FDA approved for children (ages 8+) with anxiety, as well as MDD, OCD, and selective mutism.
What does lexapro treat
Escitalopram treats only depression and anxiety (FDA approved for 7+), while
when to draw a lithium level
A blood sample should be obtained 12 hours after the last dose taken for the most accurate plasma level of lithium during drug therapy. Doing so ensures that the steady-state concentration has been met.
Strattera
Atomoxetine (Strattera) is a noncontrolled, nonstimulant medication approved for ADHD for children older than 6 years of age. It is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that works to increase norepinephrine availability in key areas of the brain. Unlike stimulants, the effects are not immediate and may take up to 6 weeks of regular use before effects are noted. Although not as effective as the stimulants, atomoxetine may be a preferable first choice if the family prefers a nonstimulant medication, a substance abuse concern exists in the family, or the child has significant side effects with stimulants. children who metabolize medications slowly will likely experience more side effects and may need a dose reduction
